镁熔体净化技术的研究进展

Research progress in magnesium melt purification technology

镁作为新兴轻质材料在汽车、3C和航空航天领域的应用逐渐普及,伴随行业节能减排的要求提升以及材料行业的迭代更新,镁及其合金所涉及的产业领域将会进一步扩大。而镁及其合金在铸造与变形加工前,镁熔体纯净度会对其性能产生巨大影响,如熔体纯净度低会显著降低合金的抗拉强度、伸长率等力学性能,导致合金出现炸裂、破损现象。为此,镁熔体的高效除气除杂净化技术成为研究热点。镁熔体净化作为镁熔炼过程中的重要环节,一直是科研工作者不断改进优化的研究课题。本文在简要介绍镁熔体中夹杂物来源的基础上,归纳了适用于镁熔体的熔剂净化、无熔剂净化、复合净化法及其净化效果,且对真空蒸馏法净化镁熔体的相关研究进行了探讨,系统综述了镁熔体净化技术研究进展,展望了该技术的未来研究方向。

As an emerging lightweight material in the automotive,3C and aerospace applications,magnesium is gradually popularised,along with the industry's energy saving and emission reduction requirements to enhance and materials industry iterative update,magnesium and its alloys involved in the industry will be further expanded.And before magnesium and its alloys in casting and deformation processing,the magnesium melt purity will have a huge impact on its performance,such as melt purity that will significantly reduce the tensile strength of the alloy,elongation and other mechanical properties,resulting in alloy cracking,breakage phenomenon.For this reason,the magnesium melt purification technology has become a research hot spot.Magnesium melt purification,as an important part of the magnesium melting process,has been the the research topic that the research workers continue to improve and optimise.In this paper,on the basis of a brief introduction to the source of inclusions in the magnesium melt,flux purification method,flux free purification method and composite purification method which are suitable for the purification of magnesium melt,and their purification effects were summarised,and the related researches on the purification of magnesium melt by vacuum distillation method were discussed,and a systematic overview of the progress of research on the purification technology of magnesium melt was made,and the future directions of the research of this technology were looked ahead to.