外来入侵植物影响土壤微生物作用机理研究进展

Research Progress on Function Mechanism of Invasive Plants on Soil Microorganisms

外来入侵植物广泛存在于全球各地,对土地生态系统造成了巨大危害。入侵植物定植后,不仅使原生植被的群落结构发生变化,还会影响土壤微生物的生长。基于国内相关研究,本文总结了外来入侵植物对土壤微生物数量和群落结构的影响,并对其作用机理进行了分析,重点阐述了根系分泌物、土壤营养物质、生物互作等方面内容,提出了展望。土壤微生物群落结构、微生物多样性与数量受不同入侵植物的影响不同。入侵植物主要通过根系分泌物、根际微生物互作及土壤养分变化等对土壤微生物产生影响。为了进一步探究入侵植物与微生物相互作用,未来应更加强植物入侵监测、管理与生态修复研究,以促进土地生态系统的可持续发展。

Invasive alien plants exist widely all over the world,causing great harm to land ecosystems.After the colonization of invasive plants,it not only changes the community structure of native vegetation,but also affects the growth of soil microorganisms.Based on relevant domestic research,this paper summarized the influence of invasive plants on the quantity and community structure of soil microorganisms,analyzed their function mechanisms,and focused on the aspects of root exudates,soil nutrients,biological interactions,etc.,and put forward prospects.The structure,diversity and quantity of soil microbial communities were influenced differently by various invasive plants.Invasive plants mainly affected soil microorganisms through root exudates,rhizosphere microbial interactions,and soil nutrients changes.In order to further strengthen the explore the interaction between invasive plants and microorganisms,plant invasion monitoring,management,and ecological restoration should be strengthened to promote the sustainable development of land ecosystems.