驾驶特性对驾驶人应激反应的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Driver Characteristics on Driver′s Stress Response

【目的】驾驶人在行驶中受交通应激事件的影响,为探索应激反应的程度展开研究。【方法】采用维也纳交通心理测试系统(VTS)甄选出高驾驶特性组(H组)和低驾驶特性组(L组)各21名被试进行试验,通过统计学方法分析不同驾驶特性群体的应激反应特征,并采用集对分析模型评价被试的应激反应优劣。【结果】研究结果表明:通过检测驾驶人的驾驶特性能力区分其应激反应能力可行,提高驾驶特性能够帮助驾驶人提高应激能力,情况越危急,提高的幅度越大。【结论】试验中,在所有应激距离下,H组的应激反应均优于L组,且应激距离的减少对L组的影响比H组大;在交通应激事件中为驾驶人提供1 s以上交通冲突时间是必要的。

Drivers are affected by traffic stress events during driving,in order to explore whether driver characteristics affect driver’s stress response.21 subjects from high driving characteristics group(Group H)and low driving characteristics group(Group L)were selected by the Wiener Traffic Psychometric test system(VTS)to analyze the stress response characteristics of different driving groups through statistical methods,and the set pair analysis model was used to evaluate the stress response of the subjects.The specific performance is as follows:it is feasible to distinguish driver’s stress response ability by detecting driver characteristics.Improving driving characteristics can help drivers enhance their stress ability.The more critical the situation is,the greater the improvement is.In all stress distance experimets,stress response of Group H is better than that of Group L and the reduction of stress distance had a greater impact on Group L than on Group H.The results prove that it is necessary to provide drivers with more than 1s TTC(time to collision)in traffic stress events.