火麻叶中大麻二酚提取工艺的响应面法优化及不同部位含量分布

Optimization of the extraction process of cannabidiol from hemp leaves by response surface methodology and its content distribution in different parts

本文研究一种超声波辅助提取火麻叶中大麻二酚(cannabidiol,CBD)的方法,同时分析火麻不同部位的CBD含量。首先建立CBD的HPLC检测方法,采用单因素实验确定超声提取功率、提取温度、提取时间、料液比4个因素对火麻叶中CBD提取率的影响;利用Design-expert软件进行Box-Benhnken实验设计确定并验证CBD的超声辅助提取的最优工艺条件,并检测火麻不同部位CBD含量。实验表明:采用Agilent HC-C_(18)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),检测波长:220 nm,流速:1.0 mL/min,柱温:28℃,流动相:甲醇-水=90∶10,等度洗脱,在此条件下的分离效果和峰型较好,并且结果准确可靠,稳定性好。以甲醇为提取溶剂,最佳提取工艺条件为:提取功率320 W,提取温度81℃,提取时间26 min,料液比1∶22 g/mL,在此条件下得到CBD含量的平均值为79.53±0.26 mg/g。火麻嫩叶中CBD含量最高,其余依次为老叶、种子和茎,根中含量最低。结果表明,超声波提取是一种高效的大麻二酚提取方法,且作为一种天然产物资源,大麻二酚具有重要的开发利用价值。

In this paper,an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method of cannabidiol(CBD)from hemp leaves was studied,and the CBD content in different parts of hemp was analyzed.Firstly,an HPLC analysis method for CBD was established.Meanwhile,the single factor experiment was used to analyze the effects of ultrasonic-assisted extraction power,extraction temperature,extraction time and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction yield of CBD from hemp leaf.Moreover,the Box-Benhnken experimental design was performed by using Design-expert software to determine and verify the optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of CBD,and detect the CBD content in different parts of hemp.The experimental results showed that the Agilent HC-C_(18)column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),detection wavelength of 220 nm,flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,column temperature of 28℃,and mobile phase of 90%methanol with isocratic elution were adopted.Under these conditions,the separation effect and peak type were good,and the results were accurate,reliable and stable.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction power 320 W,extraction temperature 81℃,extraction time 26 min,and solid-to-liquid ratio 1∶22 g/mL.Under these conditions,the average content of CBD was 79.53±0.26 mg/g.Among the kenaf,the CBD content in the tender leaves was the highest,followed by the whole leaf,old leaf,seed and stem,and the CBD content in the root was the lowest.In conclusion,the results showed that the ultrasonic-assisted extraction was an efficient method for the extraction of CBD,and as a natural product resource,CBD has important development and utilization value.