毕节西部烟区不同烤烟品种适应性研究

Adaptability of Different Flue-Cured Tobacco Varieties in Western Bijie

为筛选适合毕节西部烟区生态条件的烤烟新品种,以当前主栽烤烟品种云烟87为对照,以T64、NC196、CC67、CC700、云烟99和云烟100这6个烤烟品种为试验材料,比较了各品种在农艺性状、经济性状、化学成分和感官质量等方面的差异。结果表明:各品种田间生长均整齐一致,云烟99和云烟100的生长势较强,CC700最弱;T64和云烟100的大田生育期较长,CC67和NC196的大田生育期较短;T64的株高最高,T64、CC67和CC700的叶片数较多,云烟100和云烟99的最大叶长较长,T64和云烟99的最大叶宽较宽;云烟100和云烟99的产量、均价、产值和上中等烟率均排在一、二位,经济性状表现最好;各品种烟叶化学成分整体协调;NC196、T64和云烟100中部叶感官质量较好,CC67、CC700、T64和云烟100上部叶感官质量较好;灰色关联度分析结果表明,云烟100的等权关联度值较高,其次是云烟99。综合分析表明,云烟100和云烟99适宜在毕节烟区种植,可进一步示范验证。

This study aims to screen out the flue-cured tobacco varieties suitable for the ecological conditions in western Bijie.The agronomic traits,economic traits,chemical components,and sensory quality of'Yunyan 87'(the current main flue-cured tobacco variety,control),'T64','NC196','CC67','CC700','Yunyan 99',and'Yunyan 100'were determined and compared.The results showed that all the varieties presented uniform growth in the field.'Yunyan 99'and'Yunyan 100'showcased strong growth potential,while'CC700'showed the weakest growth potential.The field growth periods of'T64'and'Yunyan 100'were longer,while those of'CC67'and'NC196'were shorter.'T64'had the highest plant.'T64','CC67',and'CC700'had more leaves;'Yunyan 100'and'Yunyan 99'had larger maximum leaf length;'T64'and'Yunyan 99'had larger maximum leaf width.'Yunyan 100'and'Yunyan 99'with higher yield,average price,output value,and middle and higher quality tobacco rate demonstrated the best economic traits.The chemical components in tobacco leaves were coordinated in each variety.The middle leaves of'NC196','T64',and'Yunyan 100'and the upper leaves of'CC67','CC700','T64',and'Yunyan 100'had better sensory quality.The results of grey relation analysis showed that'Yunyan 100'had higher equal weight correlation degree,followed by'Yunyan 99'.The comprehensive analysis showed that'Yunyan 100'and'Yunyan 99'were suitable to be cultivated in Bijie,which could be further demonstrated and verified.