舰船水下抗爆U型夹层板结构改进及参数优化设计

Structure improvement and parameter optimization design of ship U-type sandwich panels for underwater blast resistance

设计相应的防护结构来降低水下爆炸冲击荷载对舰船的损伤对于提高舰船生命力具有重要意义.以U型夹层板为研究对象,对传统U型夹层板结构进行改进,提出了3种改进的U型夹层板结构.采用有限元软件LS-DYNA中任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)算法分析水下爆炸冲击荷载作用下3种改进夹层板的位移、速度与加速度响应和吸能效应,并与原始U型夹层板对比找到综合性能相对最优的改进夹层板.最后通过正交试验对性能最优的夹层板进行优化,分析夹层板设计参数对抗爆性能影响的主次顺序及最优的尺寸组合.分析表明:改进的U-X型夹层板上面板位移相比U型夹层板下降了15.7%,速度下降了34.5%,芯层吸能提高了25.2%,在改进夹层板中综合性能最优;U-X型夹层板最优的尺寸组合及设计参数为芯层厚度1.5 mm、芯层高度100 mm、下面板厚度3.0 mm、上面板厚度3.5 mm.经验证,尺寸优化后U-X型夹层板质量降低了6.3%,抗爆性能也得到了显著提高.

It is of great significance to design corresponding protective structures to reduce the damage of ships caused by underwater explosion shock load and improve the vitality of ships.Taking the U-type sandwich panel as the research object,the traditional U-type sandwich panel structure is improved,three improved U-type sandwich panel structures are proposed,and the arbitrary Lagrangian-Euler(ALE)algorithm in the finite element software LS-DYNA is used to analyze the displacement,velocity and acceleration responses and energy absorption effect of the three improved sandwich panels under the underwater explosion shock load.Compared with the original U-type sandwich panel,the improved sandwich panel with the best comprehensive performance is found.Finally,the sandwich panel with the best performance is optimized by orthogonal test,and the priority order of the impact of the design parameters of the sandwich panel on the blast resistance performance and the optimal size combination are analyzed.The analysis shows that the displacement of the upper panel of the improved U-X-type sandwich panel is 15.7%lower than that of the U-type sandwich panel,the velocity is 34.5%lower,and the energy absorption of the core layer is 25.2%higher.The comprehensive performance of the improved U-X-type sandwich panel is the best.The optimal size combination and design parameters of U-X-type sandwich panel are as follows:the thickness of core layer is 1.5 mm,the height of core layer is 100 mm,the thickness of lower panel is 3.0 mm and the thickness of upper panel is 3.5 mm.It is verified that the mass of U-X-type sandwich panel is reduced by 6.3%after the optimization of size,and the blast resistance performance is also significantly improved.