《焦氏笔乘》训诂研究

Study on the Exegesis of Jiaoshi Bisheng(《焦氏笔乘》)

焦竑是晚明杰出学者,著述颇丰,其读书札记《焦氏笔乘》涉及训诂的内容尤为丰富。从训释内容来看,有考订文字、训释语音、解释词义、考证名物、分析句读、考据文献、纠正旧注之误、评析前代训诂著作等。从训诂方法来看,焦氏通过沟通语音、比例互证、引证文献故训、形音义结合等方式通释语义,在一定程度上弥补了专著训诂和传疏训诂之不足。同时,《焦氏笔乘》中的训诂资料大都零散不系统,也存在一些比较明显的问题,如释义错误、词例出处不明、只注重引证而缺乏论证等。

Jiao Hong was an outstanding scholar in the late Ming Dynasty.His works were numerous.His reading notes,Jiaoshi Bisheng(《焦氏笔乘》),involved a lot of exegetical content.From the content of the explanation,there were examining Chinese characters,interpretation of phonetics,interpretation of word meanings,research on the name and description of a thing,analysis of sentences and phrases,textual research,correction of errors in old annotations,and evaluation of previous generation exegetical works.From the exegesis methods,Jiao Hong explained semantics by discriminating Chinese Characters'shapes,communicating phonetics,mutual verification of comparison examples,citation explanation,and combining shapes,sounds and meanings.To some extent,this book compensated for the shortcomings of specialized exegesis and hermeneutic exegesis.At the same time,the explanatory materials in Jiaoshi Bisheng(《焦氏笔乘》)were mostly scattered,and there were also some interpretation errors and unclear word examples'source.However,flaws could not be concealed.This book fully reflected the author's profound and extensive literature foundation and the spirit of seeking truth from facts,which is worthy of further attention from the academic community.