女大学生身材焦虑与体育锻炼的关系:休闲限制的中介作用

The Relationship between Body Anxiety and Physical Exercise in Female College Students:The Mediating Role of Leisure Restrictions

当身材焦虑产生时,人们可能会加强锻炼去塑造体型,也可能因为不想暴露身材而放弃锻炼。基于对北京女大学生的问卷调查,尝试建立身材焦虑和运动锻炼之间的作用机制模型。结果表明:身材焦虑并不直接影响体育运动强度、持续时间和运动频率,而是通过休闲限制来影响体育锻炼,即休闲限制在身材焦虑和体育锻炼之间起到完全中介作用;外貌信念对休闲限制产生正向影响,即外貌信念越高,休闲限制越大,体育锻炼越少;身体形象评价对休闲限制产生负向影响,即对自己的身体形象评价越低,休闲限制越大,体育锻炼越少;体重认知有偏差组与体重认知无偏差组之间在身材焦虑对休闲限制的影响上存在显著差异,体重认知有偏差组的休闲限制更容易受到身材焦虑的影响。因此,身材焦虑会通过休闲限制对体育锻炼产生阻碍作用。

When body anxiety arises,people may increase their exercise to shape their body,or they may give up exercising because they don't want to expose their body shape.Based on a questionnaire survey of female college students in Beijing,an attempt was made to establish a mechanism model between body anxiety and exercise.The results indicated that body anxiety did not directly affect the intensity,duration,and frequency of physical exercise,but rather affected physical exercise through leisure restrictions,that is,leisure restrictions played a completely mediating role between body anxiety and physical exercise;Appearance beliefs had a positive impact on leisure restrictions,that is,the higher the appearance belief,the greater the leisure restrictions,and the less physical exercise;Body image evaluation had a negative impact on leisure restriction,that is,the lower the evaluation of one's body image,the greater the leisure restriction,and the less physical exercise;There was a significant difference in the impact of body anxiety on leisure restriction between the group with biased weight cognition and the group without biased weight cognition.The leisure restriction of the group with biased weight cognition was more susceptible to the impact of body anxiety.Therefore,body anxiety could hinder physical exercise through leisure restrictions.