多元化健康教育对急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者的作用效果

Effects of Diversified Health Education in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

目的探讨多元化健康教育对急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后认知行为和康复效果的影响。方法选取2021年3月至2022年9月在河南省胸科医院接受PCI手术的124例急性心肌梗死患者作为研究对象,按照住院时间分为观察组和对照组,2021年3—12月住院患者为对照组,2022年1—9月住院患者为观察组,均为62例。对照组于PCI术后接受常规健康教育方式,观察组接受多元化健康教育方式,干预时间为3个月。采用冠心病自我管理行为量表对认知行为进行评价,采用6分钟步行试验和日常生活能力(ADL)量表对康复效果进行评价,并进行健康教育满意度评价。结果健康教育后两组患者冠心病自我管理行为量表中疾病认知、症状监测、不良习惯、日常生活、依从性、急救处理和情绪认知7个维度评分均有改善,并且观察组各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05);健康教育后两组患者6分钟步行试验和ADL评分均有改善,并且观察组康复效果指标均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者健康教育满意度优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论多元化健康教育能够有效改善急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后认知行为能力,促进康复效果的提高,满意度较高。

Objective To explore the effects of diversified health education on cognitive behavior and rehabilitation effect of acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 124 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent PCI in Henan Chest Hospital from March 2021 to September 2022 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into observation group and control group according to the duration of hospitalization.The patients hospitalized from March to December 2021 were the control group,and the patients hospitalized from January to September 2022 were the observation group,with 62 cases in both cases.The control group received conventional health education after PCI,and the observation group received diversified health education.The intervention time was 3 months.Cognitive behavior was evaluated by self-management behavior scale of coronary heart disease,the rehabilitation effect was evaluated by 6-minute walking test and activity of daily living(ADL)scale,and the satisfaction of health education was evaluated.Results After health education,the seven dimensions of disease cognition,symptom monitoring,bad habits,daily life,compliance,first aid treatment and emotional cognition in self-management behavior scale of coronary heart disease in both groups were improved,and the scores of each dimension in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After health education,the 6-minute walking test and ADL scores in both groups were improved,and the indexes of rehabilitation effect in the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction of health education in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Diversified health education could effectively improve the cognitive behavior ability of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI,promote the improvement of rehabilitation effect,and had high satisfaction.