首次参与无偿献血者再次献血的相关因素研究

Study on the Related Factors of First-Time Voluntary Blood Donors Donating Blood Again

目的探讨某血站首次参与无偿献血者再次献血的相关因素,旨在为制定相关招募策略,建立1支固定献血者队伍提供科学依据。方法采用随机整层抽样法,以某血站2021年1月至2022年1月首次参与无偿献血者257例调查对象,1 a后通过电话随访,根据其是否再次献血分组,比较两组临床资料,分析影响首次无偿献血者再次献血的因素及预测价值。结果观察组周围是否有献血者、共情能力、献血认知度、献血便利性、献血服务、不良反应情况与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。共情能力(≥60分)、献血认知度(≥60分)、献血便利、献血服务(>6分)为影响首次无偿献血者再次献血的危险因素,有不良反应为影响首次无偿献血者再次献血的保护因素(P<0.05)。logistic回归模型显示,首次参与无偿献血者再次献血的曲线下面积为0.851(95%CI:0.795~0.911,预测敏感度为91.03%,特异度为70.37%)。结论共情能力、献血认知度、献血便利性、献血服务、不良反应均为首次献血者再次献血的独立影响因素,建议根据各影响因素特点制定针对性宣传、招募策略,提高献血者再次献血积极性。

Objective To explore the related factors of first-time voluntary blood donors donating blood again,in order to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of relevant recruitment strategies and the establishment of a fixed blood donor team.Methods A total of 257 cases of first-time unpaid blood donors from a blood station from January 2021 to January 2022 were investigated by random whole-layer sampling method.After 1 year,telephone follow-up was conducted to the patients,and they were divided based on whether they had donated blood again.Clinical data of the two groups were compared,the factors that affect the re-donation of blood by first-time voluntary donors and their predictive value was analyzed.Results There were statistical differences between the observation group and the control group in whether there were blood donors,empathy ability,awareness of blood donation,convenience of blood donation,blood donation service and adverse reactions(P<0.05).Empathy(≥60 points),recognition of blood donation(≥60 points),convenience of blood donation and service of blood donation(>6 points)were the risk factors affecting the re-donation of first-time unpaid blood donors,and adverse reactions were the protective factors affecting the re-donation of first-time unpaid blood donors(P<0.05).The area under the curve of the logistic regression model was 0.851(95%CI:0.795-0.911,the prediction sensitivity was 91.03%,and the specificity was 70.37%).Conclusion Empathy ability,awareness of blood donation,convenience of blood donation,blood donation service and adverse reactions are independent influencing factors of re-donation of first-time blood donors.It is suggested to formulate targeted publicity and recruitment strategies according to the characteristics of each influencing factor to improve the enthusiasm of re-donation of blood donors.