《黄帝内经》“肉”的理论框架探析

Analysis of Theoretical Framework of“Rou”Based on Inner Canon of Huangdi

“肉”是人体结构的重要组成部分。现代医学研究发现,肉的相关生理病理机制已涉及如糖尿病、风湿性疾病以及肥胖症等领域。此类患者皆面临疾病起病隐蔽,病机复杂,病程漫长,常伴终生,西医无特效药物治疗等困境。因此,临床治疗与发展亟须系统全面的中医理论基础作为指导与支撑。而《黄帝内经》对肉的论述分散于各篇章中,未设立专篇,后世更缺乏对其相关理论内容的系统总结。通过检索《黄帝内经》中关于肉的相关论述,并结合历代医家的注解及临床应用,介绍肉的理论起源,整理肉及其相关概念的定义与内涵,发掘肉与脾、肺、肾等脏腑及经络的联系,全面总结肉的生理功能、病因病机、诊断方法、治疗方法等内容,构建较为系统的肉的理论框架,以期进一步推动中医人体结构的基础理论研究,为中医外科、针灸等以中医外治疗法为主的诊疗实践提供理论指导。

“Rou”is an important part of human body structure.Modern medical researches have found that the pathophysiological mechanisms related to“Rou”are involved in the areas such as diabetes,rheumatic diseases and obesity.The patients with these diseases are faced with hidden onset,complex pathogenesis,long duration,lack of specific drugs in Western medicine and other difficulties.Therefore,the clinical treatment and development need systematic and comprehensive theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)as guidance and support.However,Inner Canon of Huangdi discussed“Rou”dispersely without setting up a special chapter,and the later generations have not summarized its relevant theoretical contents systematically.By searching all discussions on“Rou”in Inner Canon of Huangdi and combining the related annotations and clinical applications of physicians in the past dynasties,this paper introduced the theoretical origin of“Rou”,sorting out the connotations and definitions of“Rou”and its related concepts,exploring the relationships between“Rou”and Zang-Fu organs,such as spleen,lung and kidney,as well as the connections with meridians and collaterals,and comprehensively summarizing the physiological functions,pathogenesis,diagnostic methods treatment principles and other theoretical contents of“Rou”.This paper aimed to construct a systematic theoretical framework of“Rou”,in order to further strengthen the basic theoretical research of TCM on the human body structure and provide theoretical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment practice of traditional Chinese medicine based on external treatments,such as TCM surgery,acupuncture and moxibustion.