黄芪对肺癌的影响及潜在机制

Effect of Huangqi(Astragali Radix)on Lung Cancer and Its Potential Mechanism

肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,病死率高。中医药作为祖国传统医学,历史悠久,在治疗癌症方面积累了丰富的经验。中医学认为癌症的发生是由于正气亏虚导致邪气侵犯引起,治疗癌症关键在于“扶正”。黄芪是补气药的代表药之一,具有补气升阳、扶正排脓、固表止汗等功效,现代药理研究表明黄芪具有抗肿瘤的作用,其抗肿瘤的有效成分主要有皂苷类、多糖类以及黄酮类。目前,天然药物以其优越性成为抗肿瘤药物的主流,如中药中提取的单体或其他有效活性物质具有多靶点、低毒性抗肿瘤的作用。通过阅读国内外研究文献,发现黄芪可通过多靶点、多信号通路促进肺癌细胞凋亡,抑制肺癌细胞增殖、迁移、自噬、血管生成、免疫逃逸,增强免疫等功能进而发挥抗肺癌作用。另外黄芪与化疗药联合应用具有增效减毒、降低耐药性的作用。黄芪甲苷、黄芪多糖和黄芪总苷等主要成分具有重要的研究与开发价值。因此,综述黄芪及其活性成分抗肺癌的作用及机制,以期为临床使用黄芪治疗肺癌提供理论依据,并为抗肿瘤药物的研发提供参考。

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with a high mortality rate.Traditional Chinese medicine,as a traditional medicine in the motherland,has a long history and has accumulated rich experience in treating cancer.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of cancer is caused by the invasion of evil Qi due to the deficiency of positive Qi,and the key to treating cancer is to“support the vital Qi”.Huangqi(Astragali Radix)is one of the representative drugs for tonifying Qi,which has the effects of tonifying Qi and Yang,strengthening the body and expelling pus,consolidating the surface and stopping perspiration.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Huangqi(Astragali Radix)has anti-tumor effects,and its effective anti-tumor components mainly include saponins,polysaccharides and flavonoids.Currently,natural drugs have become the mainstream of anti-tumor drugs due to their advantages,such as monomers or other effective active substances extracted from traditional Chinese medicine,which have multiple targets and low toxicity anti-tumor effects.Through reading domestic and foreign research literature,the author has found that Huangqi(Astragali Radix)can promote lung cancer cell apoptosis through multiple targets and multiple signal pathways,inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation,migration,autophagy,angiogenesis,immune escape,enhance immune function,and plays an anti lung cancer role.In addition,the combination of Huangqi(Astragali Radix)and chemotherapy drugs has the effect of increasing efficacy,reducing toxicity and drug resistance.The main components such as astragaloside IV,astragalus polysaccharide and astragalus glycosides have important research and development values.Therefore,this article reviewed the anti lung cancer effects and mechanisms of Huangqi(Astragali Radix)and its active components,with a view to providing theoretical basis for the clinical use of Huangqi(Astragali Radix)in the treatment of lung cancer,and providing reference for the development of anti tumor drugs.