创新时代大学的新使命:欧洲和全球视角下的卓越与可持续发展

New Missions for Universities in the Era of Innovation:European and Global Perspectives for Excellence and Sustainability

高等教育的发展前景面临历史、政治和当代的挑战。过去50年来,创新学说对全球产生冲击,影响了公共政策和社会结构,特别是高等教育。知识生产的主导体制也发生重大转变,导致创业型大学、功利性知识和“战略研究”的主导地位。这一范式转型催生了大学推动经济和社会发展的“第三使命”的概念兴起。卓越计划等欧洲及其国家的项目表明大学是如何适应并促进国家创新体系的。关于知识生产则有不同的观点,有的强调理性化和生产力,有的重视社会活动对知识生产和环境的复杂后果。

Analyzing the evolving landscape of higher education,the article looks at historical,political,and contemporary challenges.It highlights the global impact of innovation doctrines over the last fifty years,and their influence on public policy and societal structures,and especially higher education.It highlights the major shift in the dominant regime of knowledge production that has taken place over the same period,leading to the dominance of the entrepreneurial university,utilitarian knowledge and“strategic research”.This transformative paradigm has led to the conceptualization of the“third mission”of economic and societal development.By examining European and national programs such as the Excellence Initiatives,the article shows how universities are adapting while contributing to national innovation systems.The analysis reveals different perspectives on knowledge production,emphasizing rationalization and productivity while highlighting the complex consequences of societal activities on their production and environment.