苜蓿抗寒突变体生理生化及性状指标分析

Alfalfa Cold-resistant Mutant:Analysis of Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics

为选育在黑龙江省可越冬的理想紫花苜蓿品种。以‘龙牧806’零磁空间诱变处理后二代群体中获得的lm1609、lm1625、lm1704三个抗寒突变体为实验材料,通过测定发芽指标、越冬率、产量特性指标及根系生理生化指标,进行抗寒性能鉴定。3个突变体发芽指数与对照差异不显著;发芽势、简化活力指数lm1609显著高于lm1625、lm1704,分别为82.05%、469.82(P<0.05);3个突变体的越冬率都显著低于对照组;突变体和对照6月6日起始株高差异不显著,随着植株生长,7月6日和8月6日lm1609、lm1704显著高于lm1625和对照;突变体lm1609、lm1625、lm1704三者鲜草产量差异不显著,但显著高于对照(P<0.05);三个苜蓿突变体植株根系过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶均显著高于对照,并且突变体lm1609 POD、SOD最高,分别达到304.85 OD470/(min·g)、208.41 U/g(P<0.05)。lm1609突变体具有较高的抗寒特性及产量特性,是为理想的抗寒突变体材料。

The aim of this study was to select an ideal alfalfa variety that could overwinter in Heilongjiang Province.Three cold-resistant mutants,lm1609,lm1625 and lm1704,were obtained from the secondgeneration population of‘Longmu 806’after magnetic field free space treatment,and their cold-resistant performance was identified by measuring germination index,wintering rate,yield characteristic index and root physiological and biochemical index.There was no significant difference in germination index between the three mutants and the control.The germination potential and simplified activity index of lm1609 were significantly higher than those of lm1625 and lm1704(82.05%and 469.82,respectively)(P<0.05).The overwintering rate of the three mutants was significantly lower than that of the control group.There was no significant difference in plant height between mutants and control on June 6.With plant growth,lm1609 and lm1704 on July 6 and August 6 were significantly higher than those of lm1625 and control.The difference in fresh grass yield among the mutants lm1609,lm1625 and lm1704 was not significant,but significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05).The root peroxidase and superoxide dismutase of the three alfalfa mutants were significantly higher than those of the control,and the highest POD and SOD of the mutants were 304.85 OD470/(min·g)and 208.41 U/g,respectively(P<0.05).lm1609 mutant was an ideal cold resistant mutant material that has high cold resistance and yield characteristics.