碳权衡视角下建筑全生命期减排有效性研究

Research on the Effectiveness of Building Life-cycle Carbon Reduction from the Perspective of Carbon Trade-off

基于全生命期混合分析评估法,建立建筑全生命期碳排放核算模型,以夏热冬冷地区某办公建筑为例,开展建筑全生命周期碳排放核算。并与同一气候区下的传统建筑、近零能耗建筑从建筑寿命、建筑材料回收利用率角度进行比较,开展建筑全生命期碳排放权衡研究。结果显示:案例建筑全生命期内建材生产、运输、建造拆除及建筑运营阶段碳排放占比分别为65.8%、1.0%、2.4%、30.8%;将建筑减排水平提升至近零能耗,当建筑寿命低于45年时,全生命期减碳有效性较案例建筑稍有降低,延长建筑使用寿命能够增强建筑全生命期减排有效性;建材回收利用能有效减少隐含碳的投资回收期,传统建筑受影响程度更大,更适用于建筑节能改造。

The development of zero-carbon buildings and near-zero energy buildings is a comprehensive solution for the construction industry to reduce environmental impact.However,few studies have focused on the impact of the improvement of energy-saving effects of building operations on the balance of carbon emissions throughout the life cycle.This study takes an office building in a hot summer and cold winter area as a case,and based on the hybrid analysis method of the whole life cycle,the carbon emission accounting of the whole life cycle of the building is carried out.And compared with traditional buildings and near-zero energy buildings in the same climate zone from the perspective of architectural design life and recycling rate of building materials,a study on the carbon emission trade-offs of the entire life cycle of buildings was carried out.The results show that the carbon emissions of building materials production,transportation,construction and demolition,and building operation during the whole life of the case building accounted for 65.8%,1.0%,2.4%,and 30.8% respectively;after raising the level of building carbon reduction to nearly zero energy consumption,When the life of the building is less than 45 years,the effectiveness of carbon reduction in the whole life cycle is slightly lower than that of the case building.Extending the service life of the building can enhance the effectiveness of carbon reduction in the life cycle of the building;recycling of building materials can effectively reduce the investment recovery of embodied carbon During the period,traditional buildings are more affected and more suitable for building energy-saving renovation.