促进数字公平:美国公共图书馆的举措与启示

Promoting Digital Equity:The Measures and Inspirations of American Public Libraries

公共图书馆是社会数字化转型中促进数字公平的重要力量。文章结合文献和案例调查,剖析美国公共图书馆促进数字公平的背景,在《2020年美国公共图书馆技术调查》《充分利用图书馆资源以实现全民数字公平》报告基础上结合其他文献与案例归纳举措。研究发现美国公共图书馆促进数字公平的举措主要包括:馆内外技术资源供给、网络基础设施建设、线上为用户提供技术支持服务或资源、数字素养与技能培训。对我国公共图书馆的启示包括:增强网络与数字技术设施的可及性、以用户需求为导向丰富线上数字资源类型与服务形式、重视弱势群体数字素养教育和计算机技能培训、通过专门项目缩小城乡数字鸿沟、寻求外部多元合作。

Public libraries are important force to bridge the digital divide in the digital transformation of society.Based on literature and case studies,this study analyzes the background of promoting digital equity in American public libraries.Focused on two reports,2020 American Public Library Technology Survey and Leverage Libraries to Achieve Digital Equity for All,and combined with literature and case studies,this study summarizes the key measures,characteristics and implications.The key measures include:the supply of technical resources inside and outside the library,the construction of network infrastructure,the provision of technical support services or resources for users online,and digital literacy and skills training.Public libraries in China can optimize from following aspects:enhancing the accessibility of network and digital technology facilities,enriching the types and service forms of online digital resources,emphasizing digital literacy education and computer skills training,enhancing rural digital service capabilities through specialized projects,and seeking external diversified cooperation to establish special funds.