数字经济治理体系中衍生数据权益体系构建和保护初探

A Preliminary Study on Constructing a Protection System of Derivative Data Rights and Interests in the Framework of Digital Economy Governance

数据是数字经济时代的新型生产资料,数据权属是数据要素市场的制度基石。科学合理的数据基础制度和多元共享的收益分配运行机制是数字经济治理体系的重要内涵。本文着眼于数据治理的生命周期,提出数据衍生的概念,将数据衍生活动分为零次衍生、一次衍生、二次衍生和三次衍生,并对不同类型的衍生数据进行了分析。基于数据的二元化结构性特征,本文提出构建涵盖内容来源权、持有权、加工使用权和经营权的四维权利配置体系。当前数据要素市场化流通的供需壁垒尚未真正破除,本文从需求方、供给方、处理方、平台方和监管方等视角出发,指出存在数据流通供需不畅、错配和失衡等需要破解的问题。最后,从互联网平台开发经营数据、人工智能大模型训练、新型数据交易和数据基础制度先行区建设等方面,对衍生数据的权益保护路径机制进行了初步探讨。

Administrative law in the digital age is thriving.Legal issues related to automated administration,processing of personal information by governments,and government data sharing and openness are becoming hot topics in administrative law research.At present,administrative law has shown some trends of change such as the multidisciplinary integration of research paths,the alteration in the form of research objects,and the development of an independent administrative law knowledge system,which have ushered in the comprehensive innovation of administrative law in the digital era.In the future,greater changes will be generated from more perspectives to study administrative law,more use of technology,expansion at the micro level,and the construction of a digital rights system in public law.Against this background,the administrative law community needs to develop a more inclusive hermeneutics system with more critical and explanatory capacity to respond to the call for rule of law in the digitalization of public administration and the challenges thereof.