汾酒不同称谓的起源考证

Textual Research on the Origin of Different Appellations of Fenjiu

作为汾酒的基本文化符号,汾酒称谓是研究三晋大地酿制工艺和酿造文化的重要组成部分。不同历史时期内汾酒有汾清酒、干和酒、羊羔酒、汾酒等称谓。文章通过史料佐证和逻辑推理重新审度汾清酒、干和酒、羊羔酒、汾酒及汾酒的其他近亲同源酒之成名起源,规避了唯史料论缺乏逻辑推理和缺乏史料论证而简单猜想其成名起源的问题。研究表明,汾清酒并非起源于北魏的开国年550年而是应不晚于公元5世纪,为非蒸馏酒;干和酒为蒸馏酒的雏形,其名形成于坊间;羊羔酒成名起源最早可追溯至汉代而非现有研究指认的北宋,但现有羊羔酒的酿制技术源头确实起源于宋代;汾酒这一称谓形成于清代顺治至康熙年间而非明代,当时汾酒的部分酿制技艺已符合现代汾酒的酿制特点。

As the basic cultural symbol of Fenjiu,the appellation of Fenjiu is an important part of the research on the brewing technology and brewing culture of Sanjin land.In different historical periods,Fenjiu has the title of Fenqingjiu,Ganhejiu,Yanggaoju,Fenju and so on.This paper reexamines the origin of the names of Fenjiu's close relatives and cognates through historical evidence and logical reasoning,avoiding the problem of simply guessing the origin of Fenjiu's names due to the lack of logical reasoning and historical evidence.The research shows that Fenqingjiu is not originated in 550 years,the founding year of the Northern Wei Dynasty,it should be no later than the 5th century AD,as a non-distilled wine;Ganhejiu is the prototype of distilled wine,its name formed in the community;the origin of Yanggaojiu can be traced back to the Han Dynasty rather than the Northern Song Dynasty,but the brewing technology of Yanggaojiu originated from the Song Dynasty.The name of Fenju was formed during the Shunzhi to Kangxi of Qing Dynasty rather than Ming Dynasty,when some of the brewing techniques of Fenjiu were in line with the characteristics of modern Fenjiu.