烯效唑对扁穗雀麦生长发育和种子产量品质的影响

Effect of Uniconazole on Growth,Seed Yield and Quality of Prairie Grass

探究烯效唑对扁穗雀麦生长发育和种子产量品质的影响,为其种子增产提质提供科学依据。以‘江夏’扁穗雀麦为试验材料,采取随机区组设计,在拔节期喷施不同浓度烯效唑(0、50、90、130 mg/kg),研究植株生长、种子产量和萌发特性。结果表明:烯效唑降低了植株高度,提高了抗倒伏能力。除50 mg/kg的烯效唑对生殖枝数有显著增加外(P<0.05),其余处理对植株第二节长、茎粗、分蘖数和生殖枝数影响差异不显著。喷施不同浓度烯效唑,扁穗雀麦的小穗数/生殖枝、种子数和种子产量均表现为增加,但只有50 mg/kg处理下各指标差异达显著水平(P<0.05)。90 mg/kg烯效唑处理可显著增加扁穗雀麦种子活力指数(P<0.05),但所有处理对千粒重、发芽率和发芽指数影响较小。各指标相关性分析发现,植株高度与倒伏率、分蘖数和生殖枝数极显著正相关(P<0.01);种子产量和生殖枝数显著正相关(P<0.05)。喷施50 mg/kg烯效唑,扁穗雀麦种子产量最高,达1508.31 kg/hm^(2),较对照增加13.63%,差异显著(P<0.05)。

The effect of uniconazole on plant growth,seed yield and quality of prairie grass was explored in order to provide a scientific basis for the seed yield and quality improvement.The plant growth,seed yield and germination characteristics of prairie grass‘Jiangxia’were studied by spraying different concentrations of uniconazole(0 mg/kg,50 mg/kg,90 mg/kg and 130 mg/kg)at jointing stage in a random block design.The results showed that uniconazole reduced plant height and increased lodging resistance.Except that 50 mg/kg uniconazole significantly increased the reproductive branch number(P<0.05),other treatments had no significant effects on the second stem node length,stem diameter,tiller number of plants and reproductive branch number.The spikelet number/reproductive branch,seed number and yield of prairie grass were increased by spraying different concentrations of uniconazole,but the difference of the all indexes was significant only under 50 mg/kg treatment(P<0.05).90 mg/kg uniconazole treatment significantly increased seed vigor index(P<0.05),but all treatments had little effect on 1000-seed weight,germination rate and germination index.Correlation analysis showed that plant height was positively correlated with lodging rate,tillers number and reproductive branch number(P<0.01).And seed yield was positively correlated with reproductive branch number(P<0.05).The highest seed yield of prairie grass was 1508.31 kg/hm^(2) when 50 mg/kg uniconazole was sprayed,which was 13.63%higher than that of the control and the difference was significant(P<0.05).