叶面调理剂在不同镉污染程度稻田应用效果研究

Study on the Application Effect of Leaf Surface Conditioner in Rice Fields withDifferent Cadmium Pollution Levels

探讨3种叶面调理剂对不同镉污染程度稻田土壤中全镉含量、有效态镉含量、土壤pH、稻米镉含量、水稻各个组织中镉含量以及产量的影响。选用硅钾中量元素肥料、碧护营养套餐和降镉灵3种叶面调理剂,分别在长沙县金井镇、黄花镇和望城区茶亭镇受重金属镉污染水稻田开展大田控镉试验。结果表明:喷施叶面调理剂水稻产量得到显著提高;叶面调理剂对土壤中全镉含量影响不显著,但能显著降低土壤有效态镉含量;叶面调理剂能小幅提高土壤pH,但在不同地区表现差异较大;叶面调理剂能降低糙米镉含量,但在镉中度污染稻田,不能降低糙米镉含量到国家限量标准(≤0.2 mg/kg)。施用碧护营养套餐可增加水稻产量,提高土壤pH,降低土壤有效态镉含量,降低糙米镉含量,建议在轻微、轻度镉污染程度稻田进一步示范推广。

The aims is to explore the effects of three leaf surface conditioners on the total cadmium content,available cadmium content,and soil pH in paddy soil with different levels of cadmium pollution,and on cadmium content in rice,cadmium content in various tissues of rice,and yield.Three leaf conditioners,silicon potassium medium element fertilizer,Bihu Nutritional Package,and Jiangcadulin,were selected to conduct field cadmium control experiments in paddy fields contaminated with heavy metal cadmium in Jinjing Town,Huanghua Town,Chating Town,and Wangcheng District of Changsha County.The results showed that spraying foliar conditioner significantly improved rice yield.Leaf surface conditioners had no significant effect on the total cadmium content in soil,but could significantly reduce the available cadmium content in soil.Leaf surface conditioners can slightly increase soil pH,but their performance varies greatly in different regions.Leaf surface conditioners can reduce the cadmium content of brown rice,but in moderately polluted rice fields,they cannot reduce the cadmium content of brown rice to national standards(≤0.2 mg/kg).Applying Bihu Nutritional Package can increase rice yield,increase soil pH,reduce available cadmium content in soil,and reduce cadmium content in brown rice.It is recommended to further demonstrate and promote this method in lightly and moderately polluted paddy fields.