弓网接触状态光纤传感监测技术研究

Research on pantograph and OCS condition monitoring technologies based on fiber optic sensing and monitoring

在弓网检测的应用场景中,传统的测力传感器和加速度传感器依赖电源供电,且必须安装在高电压的受电弓上,从而增加额外的设备和复杂性。文章研究采用无源光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)光传感器,这种传感器无需额外安装供电电源和充电控制系统等设备。通过介绍光纤传感器的基本原理,并分析其应用场景,提出在弓网状态监测的高电压环境中,光纤传感器具有独特优势:不仅无需供电,减少额外设备,还能实现信号传输的高低压隔离,有效抵抗电磁干扰。针对受电弓检测的特殊需求,开发基于光纤传感技术的接触力和加速度传感器,其便于在受电弓上安装且对受电弓结构无影响。在列车受电弓上的实际安装测试中,成功实现对弓网接触力、硬点等参数的高精度检测。该弓网状态监测系统能够适用于专用检测车和运营动车组,大幅扩展弓网监测的应用范围。

This article investigates the fundamental principles of fiber optic sensors,analyzes their potential application scenarios,and highlights their distinct advantages in highvoltage environments for monitoring the conditions of pantographs and OCS.Fiber optic sensors offer several unique benefits,including their passive nature that eliminates the need for power supplies and reduces additional devices,as well as their capability to achieve high and low-voltage signal transmission isolation while resisting electromagnetic interference.To address the special requirements of pantograph inspections,a force and acceleration sensor based on fiber optic sensing technology is developed.This sensor is easy to install on pantographs and does not alter their structures.Installation tests carried out on pantographs have successfully demonstrated the high-precision detection of parameters such as pantograph and OCS contact force and hard spots.This pantograph and OCS condition monitoring system can be applied to special examination vehicles and operating EMU trains to expand the coverage of pantograph and OCS monitoring.