倾斜摄影结合激光扫描建筑测量应用研究

Application research of building survey based on tilt photography and laser scanning

三维激光扫描技术能够对城市既有老旧建筑的内外面信息进行高效采集,但在建筑顶部以及围墙遮挡区域普遍会存在点云缺漏现象。为提高建筑点云数据完整度,本文以某厂房建筑改造建设项目为实验对象,采用无人机倾斜摄影测量技术进行老旧建筑外立面信息采集,与三维激光扫描点云进行叠加,利用控制标靶进行点云融合转换处理,从而获取城市既有老旧建筑的内外面完整数据信息,利用省连续运行参考站(CORS)系统进行检核,三维激光点云成果最大点位误差为0.029 m,倾斜摄影模型最大点位误差为0.043 m,融合后数据精度及完整性均有较大提升,以较为完整的厂房内外立面高精度模型数据,为后续设计改造提供基础支撑,同时为数字城市建设提供基础三维数据。

Three-dimensional(3D)laser scanning technology can effectively collect the inside and outside information of the existing old buildings in the city,but there are generally point cloud leakage phenomenon on the top of the buildings and the area shielded by the walls.In order to improve the integrity of building point cloud data,this paper takes a factory building reconstruction project as the experimental object,adopts the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)tilt phototropy technology to collect the facade information of the old building,superimposed with the three-dimensional laser scanning point cloud,and uses the control target to carry out point cloud fusion conversion processing,so as to obtain the complete data information of the inside and outside of the existing old buildings in the city.The provincial continuously operating reference stations(CORS)system was used for checking,and the maximum point position error of 3D laser point cloud was 0.029 m,and the maximum point position error of oblique photography model was 0.043 m.After fusion,the accuracy and integrity of the data were greatly improved.The relatively complete high-precision model data of the inside and outside elevations of the workshop provided basic support for the subsequent design and transformation.At the same time,it provides basic 3D data for digital city construction.