微流控技术制备微米级DAP-4基含能复合微球及性能研究

Preparation of Micron⁃scale DAP⁃4⁃based Energetic Composite Microspheres by Microfluidic Technology and its Characterization

为提高分子钙钛矿含能材料(DAP-4)的装药工艺安全性,采用同轴型液滴微流控技术,改变黏结剂聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)和硝化纤维素(NC)的复合比例(占DAP-4质量的2%)实现了DAP-4基含能复合微球的球形化造粒。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、差热扫描量热仪、热失重分析仪、高速摄影、撞击感度测试仪和摩擦感度测试仪等系统测试和分析了样品的宏微观形貌、晶体结构、热性能、燃烧性能、机械感度等。结果表明:黏结剂GAP与NC的比例为4∶1时,DAP-4基复合微球(GN41)的球形化效果最好;对DAP-4进行球形化造粒后不会改变其晶体结构,热分解峰温略有提前;DAP-4基复合微球的燃烧时间比原料有轻微延长,总体依然表现出非常平稳的持续燃烧,保留了其优异的燃烧性能;GN41微球在降低机械感度的同时显著改善了流动性,提高了装药工艺安全性。

To improve the safety of the charging process of molecular perovskite energetic material(DAP⁃4),spherical granula⁃tion of DAP⁃4⁃based energetic composite microspheres was realized by altering the composite ratio of the bonding agents,Glyc⁃idyl Azide Polymer(GAP)and nitrocellulose(NC)(constituting 2%of the mass of DAP⁃4)using the coaxial droplet microfluid⁃ic technology.The macro and micro morphology,crystal structure,thermal properties,combustion properties,and mechanical sensitivity of the samples were tested and analyzed by scanning electron microscope,X⁃ray diffractometer,differential thermal scanning calorimeter,thermogravimetric analyzer,high⁃speed photography,impact sensitivity tester and friction sensitivity tes⁃ter.The results indicate that DAP⁃4 has the best sphericity when the ratio of GAP to NC is 4∶1.The crystal structure of DAP⁃4 is not changed after spheroidizing granulation,and the peak temperature of thermal decomposition is slightly advanced.The com⁃bustion time of DAP⁃4 microspheres is slightly longer than that of raw materials,overall with a very stable continuous combus⁃tion,retaining its excellent combustion performance.The GN41 microspheres can significantly improve fluidity while reducing mechanical sensitivity and improving the safety of the charging process.