论WTO争端解决MPIA机制适用

Application of MPIA Mechanism in WTO Dispute Settlement

《多方临时上诉仲裁安排》(简称MPIA)是WTO成员国中的参加方为应对上诉机构停摆危机,经过平等协商而建立的临时上诉仲裁机制。同原上诉机构相比,MPIA机制具有临时性、开放性、多边性、迅速性等特点。通过对MPIA机制的程序运行规则进行分析,可以发现MPIA机制在实践中仍存在:上诉仲裁与上诉机构的衔接规定不明、第三方参与界定不明以及缺乏经费和行政支持等问题,为提升MPIA机制的可操作性,应当赋予争端当事方对程序的选择权、明确第三方界定范围、完善关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解(简称DSU)及MPIA相关仲裁条款等措施,以实现MPIA作为上诉机构的长期补充性程序能够顺利运作和良性发展。

The Multiparty Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement(MPIA)is a temporary appeal arbitration mechanism established by WTO member states through equal consultation in response to the crisis of suspension of appellate bodies.Compared with the original appellate body,the MPIA mechanism enjoys the characteristics of being temporary,open,multilateral,and rapid.By analyzing the procedural operation rules of the MPIA mechanism,the paper finds out that there are still problems in practice,such as unclear provisions for the connection between appeal arbitration and appeal institutions,unclear definition of third-party participation,and lack of funding and administrative support.In order to improve the operability of the MPIA mechanism,various measures should be taken,such as granting parties to disputes the right to choose procedures,clarifying the scope of third-party definition,and improving DSU and MPIA related arbitration clauses.All these aim to ensure the smooth operation and healthy development of MPIA as a long-term supplementary procedure for the appellate body.