芸香中香豆素类化学成分研究

Chemical components of coumarins in Yunxiang(Ruta graveolens L.)

目的研究中药芸香(Ruta graveolens L.)中香豆素类化学成分,并探讨其抗炎、抗凝活性。方法本实验利用各种色谱分离技术,结合核磁共振波谱及质谱联用技术对分离得到的单体化合物进行结构鉴定。CCK-8法筛选出无明显细胞毒性的化合物,用于对脂多糖诱导小鼠巨噬细胞(RAW 264.7)释放NO的检测,进行抗炎活性筛选,通过凝血酶原时间的测试进行抗凝活性筛选。结果从芸香提取物中共鉴定出10个香豆素类化合物,分别为补骨脂素(1)、花椒毒素(2)、chalepensin(3)、rutamontine(4)、3-(1',1',dimethyl allyl)-herniarin(5)、佛手苷内酯(6)、异莨菪亭(7)、异嗪皮啶(8)、去甲基软木花椒素(9)、Chalepin(10)。对10个化合物的抗炎、抗凝进行活性评价,结果显示,化合物2、4、9在20μmol/L时对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的NO生成有较好的抑制作用,抑制率分别为54.3%±1.7%、51.2%±5.5%、52.3%±1.7%;10个化合物在浓度为1.0 mmol/L条件下,均未表现出抗凝活性。结论从芸香提取物中分离得到10个香豆素类单体化合物,化合物3~5、7~10为首次从芸香中分离得到。该研究结果丰富了芸香的化学成分和生物活性研究,为芸香抗炎活性的开发和利用提供了理论基础。

Objective To study the chemical components of coumarins in Chinese medicine Yunxiang(Ruta graveolens L.)and explore its anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities.Methods Various chromatographic separation techniques,combined with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry were used in this experiment to identify the structures of the isolated monomeric compounds.The CCK-8 method was used to screen out compounds with non-significant cytotoxicity for the measurement of nitric oxide(NO)released by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced mouse macrophages(RAW 264.7),as well as for anti-inflammatory activity screening.The prothrombin time(PT)was performed to screen for anticoagulant activity.Results Ten coumarin compounds were identified from Yunxiang(Ruta graveolens L.)extract,namely,psoralen(1),xanthotoxin(2),chalepensin(3),rutamontine(4),3-(1',1',dimethyl allyl)-herniarin(5),bergapten(6),isoscopoletin(7),isofraxidin(8),demethylsuberosin(9),and chalepin(10).Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities of these compounds showed that compounds 2,4,and 9 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the production of NO induced by LPS at a concentration of 20μmol/L,with inhibition rates of 54.3±1.7%,51.2±5.5%,and 52.3±1.7%,respectively.Besides,none of the ten compounds demonstrated anticoagulant activity at a concentration of 1.0 mmol/L.Conclusion Ten monomeric coumarin compounds were isolated from the extract of Yunxiang(Ruta graveolens L.),with compounds 3-5 and 7-10 being isolated from Yunxiang(Ruta graveolens L.)for the first time.This study enriches the research on the chemical composition and biological activity of Yunxiang(Ruta graveolens L.),providing a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of its anti-inflammatory activity.