石油石化含油废水混凝气浮处理系统研究进展

Research progress of coagulation air flotation treatment system for petroleum and petrochemical wastewater

随着我国油气开发过程中主力区块油气含水率的不断攀升以及非常规油气资源的深入开发,油气开采伴生废水水量逐年增加。油气开采技术的不断更迭致使废水水质呈现油含量高且乳化稳定性强、悬浮物含量高且密度变小的特性。针对乳化油、分散油和轻质悬浮固体的去除成为含油废水处理工艺中较为关键的环节。概述了混凝和气浮除油的原理及影响因素,综述了混凝气浮系统的研究现状,包括对气浮气泡产生方式、气浮池结构以及气浮耦合工艺等方面的研究进展,在此基础上提出通过旋流场与涡流场相结合,同时强化复合功能性药剂体系在涡流场中的破胶与聚结分离效果,实现集氧化、破胶、絮凝、气浮和分离等多种功能于一体的混凝气浮反应系统的开发及应用将是未来油气田污水处理的发展趋势。

With the increasing moisture content of oil and gas in the main block and the further development of unconventional oil and gas resources,the amount of wastewater associated with oil and gas exploitation is increasing.Due to the continuous evolution of oil and gas extraction technology,wastewater quality exhibits characteristics of high oil content and strong emulsification stability,high suspended solids content and reduced suspended solids density.The removal of emulsified oil,dispersed oil and light suspended solids has become a key step in the treatment of oily wastewater.In this paper,the principles and influencing factors of coagulation and air flotation for oil removal were summarized.The research status of coagulation and air flotation systems were reviewed,including research progress on the generation of air flotation bubbles,the structure of air flotation tanks,and the coupling process of air flotation.On this basis,combining the swirl field with the eddy current field,and strengthening the degumming and coalescence separation efficiency of the composite functional pharmaceutical system in the eddy current field was proposed.The development and application of the coagulation air flotation reaction system integrating oxidation,degumming,flocculation,air flotation and separation would be the development trend of oil and gas field wastewater treatment in the future.