多孔氮化硼材料的制备及其吸附性能研究

Preparation and adsorption properties of porous boron nitride materials

以二甲胺、三氯化硼、氨气和甲胺为原料,通过多步反应得到氮化硼前驱体三(甲胺基)环硼氮烷,经高温烧结后得到多孔氮化硼材料。通过FTIR、NMR对氮化硼前驱体中间体二氯(二甲胺基)硼烷和三(二甲胺基)环硼氮烷以及前驱体三(甲胺基)环硼氮烷的结构进行表征。利用XRD和SEM对多孔氮化硼结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明:通过反应合成前驱体中间物,最终能够合成出含碳量较低的氮化硼前驱体三(甲胺基)环硼氮烷。研究了多孔氮化硼材料对重金属离子的吸附能力,确定了多孔氮化硼材料对各种金属离子的吸附能力。研究发现:利用前驱体中间物制备出的多孔氮化硼具有较高的比表面积,吸附性能优异,能够有效的去除掉溶液中的重金属离子。使用有机前驱体法制备氮化硼弥补了无机制备中元素分布不均,易吸潮,易粉化的缺点。

By using the precursor conversion method,one-dimensional boron nitride fibers,two-dimensional boron nitride films and coatings,and three-dimensional boron nitride composite materials have been prepared,which cannot be prepared by traditional preparation methods.Dimethylamine,boron trichloride,ammonia and methylamine were used as raw materials to obtain the boron nitride precursor tri(methylamino)borazine by multi-step reaction,and the boron nitride porous materials were obtained by high temperature sintering.The structures of the intermediates dichlorodimethylamino borane and tri(dimethylamine)borazine and the precursor tri(methylamino)borazine were characterized by FTIR and NMR.The porous boron nitride structures and morphologies were characterized by XRD and SEM.The results show that tri(methylamino)borazine with low carbon content can be synthesized through the synthesis of precursor intermediates.The adsorption capacity of porous boron nitride materials for various metal ions was determined by investigating the adsorption capacity of porous boron nitride materials for metal ions.The results show that the porous boron nitride prepared by using precursor intermediates has high specific surface area and excellent adsorption performance,which can effectively remove the metal ions from the solution and provide new ideas for the preparation of boron nitride adsorption materials.This method solves the problems of low industrialization yield and high difficulty.The use of organic precursor method to prepare boron nitride compensates for the shortcomings of uneven element distribution,easy moisture absorption,and easy pulverization in inorganic preparation,providing new ideas for the preparation of adsorbents.