清末青海诗人来维礼《双鱼草堂诗钞》初探——兼谈地域性清诗别集的价值

A Study on the Late Qing Dynasty Qinghai Poet Lai Weili's Shuangyucaotangshichao

来维礼是清末河湟地区著名文士,曾为当地的文化教育事业作出过重要贡献。《双鱼草堂诗钞》是来维礼唯一传世的诗歌别集,其编集主要缘于民国时期《晚晴簃诗汇》的编纂,其吟咏内容主要包括来维礼早年在西宁读书与交游之作、进京路线上途经蒙古等地区的歌咏之作、留京及服官三晋的述怀之作、西北地区随征之作等,其诗歌主题尤以离别、乡愁、怀古三种最为常见,其思想情感主要表现为浓厚的自然情怀、强烈的出仕意识、真挚的情感表达、洞达的历史意识。《双鱼草堂诗钞》所具备的这些诗学要素不仅反映了来维礼本人的诗学成就,而且在一定程度上代表了清末青海地区的诗学成就。作为地域性清诗别集,《双鱼草堂诗钞》所包含的清末青海地区历史环境要素及体现的多元共生等地域文化特征,使其在广义上兼具文学地理学和历史史料学的双重价值。在版本整理精善化和内容研究纵深化的基础上,像《双鱼草堂诗钞》等地域性清诗别集,往往兼具弥合时代文学史与地域文学史的研究隔阂、平衡文学表达与史实记载的内容偏差等多重价值。

Lai Weili was a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty in the Hehuang region,who had made important contributions to the local culture and education;The Shuangyucaotangshichao is the only surviving collection of poems by Lai Weili,Its compilation was mainly due to the compilation of the Wanqingyi Shihui during the Republic of China period,Its chanting content mainly includes Lai Weili's early works of studying and socializing in Xining,works passing through ethnic areas such as Mongolia on the way to Beijing,works staying in Beijing and serving as officials in Shanxi,and works marching in the northwest region,Its poetry themes are particularly common,such as farewell,homesickness,and discussing ancient times,his emotions are mainly manifested in a strong sense of nature,a strong sense of official career,sincere emotional expression,and insightful historical consciousness.The poetic elements possessed by Shuangyucaotangshichao not only reflect the poetic achievements of Lai Weili,but also to some extent represent the poetic achievements of the Qinghai region in the late Qing Dynasty.As a regional collection of Qing Dynasty poetry,Shuangyucaotang shichao contains elements of the historical environment of the late Qing Dynasty in Qinghai and reflects regional cultural characteristics such as diverse coexistence,making it have dual values of literary geography and historical materials in a broad sense.Based on the refinement of version organization and deepening of content research,regional Qing Dynasty poetry collections such as Shuangyucaotangshichao often have multiple values such as bridging the research gap between contemporary and regional literary history,and balancing the content deviation between literary expression and historical records.