近现代楹联创作语法新现象管窥

A Glimpse of the New Phenomenon of Modern Couplet Creation Grammar

随着普通话的确立与发展,近现代时期的楹联创作在语法上出现了一系列新变化。这些语法新现象主要表现在句子结构上,包括句式上的多样化、大量使用现代虚词、句子语序的正序化以及句子成分的完整化等方面。近现代楹联创作在继承古代汉语的句式与语法特征的同时,也接纳了现代白话语言系统的新变化。前者表现为精彩的文言楹联作品的持续产出,后者则是指近现代楹联中出现的以白话文为形式、重视句子逻辑性和强调联意的直观表达的一类作品。质言之,近现代楹联创作语法新现象的出现,在一定程度上意味着楹联创作模式的不断创新,这极大地促进了楹联艺术语言习惯的转化、联句体例的解放、联语意义的表达以及楹联作家思想的深化。因此,研究和分析近现代楹联创作语法新现象,不仅为楹联艺术的创作提供了新样式,也为楹联作品的鉴赏提供了新视角,更为现代汉语学科的相关语法研究提供了珍贵史料。

With the establishment and development of Mandarin,a series of new changes have appeared in the grammar of couplet creation in the modern period.These new grammatical phenomena mainly refer to changes in sentence structure,including the diversification of sentence structure,the large use of modern virtual words,the normal order of sentence word order,and the integrity of sentence components.In the modern period,the creation of couplets not only inherits the sentence structure and grammatical characteristics of ancient Chinese,but also accepts the new changes in the modern vernacular language system.The former is manifested as the continuous output of wonderful literary couplets,while the latter refers to a type of work that appears in modern couplets in the form of vernacular text,attaches importance to sentence logic and emphasizes the intuitive expression of association.In other words,the emergence of new grammatical phenomena in modern couplet creation means to a certain extent the continuous innovation of couplet creation mode,which greatly promotes the transformation of couplet art language habits,the liberation of conjunction style,the expression of conjunction meaning,and the deepening of the thought of couplets writers.Therefore,the study and analysis of new grammatical phenomena in couplet creation in the modern period not only provides a new style for the creation of couplet art,but also provides a new perspective for the appreciation of couplet works,and provides valuable historical materials for the relevant grammar research of modern Chinese subjects.