对中国近代以来科学主义思潮的历史回顾与超越

The Historical Review and Transcendence of Scientism in Modern China

近代以来,在救亡图存和旧社会价值权威崩塌的背景下,科学成为救国的武器,同时被赋予价值权威的地位,这时期科学主义的主要作用就是为中国寻找一种可以团结指导中国人民进行革命实践的科学理论,完成科学救国的历史使命。新民主主义革命的胜利从实践层面证明了马克思主义的科学性,马克思主义与科学主义之间的结合有利于马克思主义价值权威的树立,但机械的理解这种结合又是造成马克思主义教条化的重要原因。中华民族在向第二个百年目标奋进之际,只有坚持和发展马克思主义,充分发挥马克思主义的科学性,才能避免对马克思主义教条化,实现科学主义与人文主义之间的协调融合发展,真正实现对科学主义的超越。

Since modern times,science has become a weapon for saving the country and has been endowed with the status of value authority,in the context of saving the nation from extinction and the disintegration of value authority in the old society.The main function of scientism during this period was to find a scientific theory for China that could unite and guide the Chinese people in revolutionary practice,and to complete the historical mission of saving the country through science.The victory of the New Democratic Revolution has proven the scientificity of Marxism from a practical perspective.The entanglement and combination between Marxism and scientism is conducive to the establishment of Marxist value authority,but the combination of mechanical understanding is an important reason for the dogmatization of Marxism.When the Chinese nation is forging ahead toward the second centenary goal,only by adhering to and developing Marxism and giving full play to the scientific nature of Marxism can it avoid dogmatization of Marxism,achieve coordinated and integrated development between scientism and humanism,and truly transcend scientism.