体育的生成历史——“体育史”基于教材编写的学科反思

Generative History of Sport:Disciplinary Reflections on the"Sports History"Based on the Development of Textbooks

“体育史”的教材编写,应在历史唯物主义的指导下,把握体育生成的历史进程和历史脉络,厘清体育生成的历史动因和历史条件,辨析体育生成的历史作用和历史意义,进而编写出与学科性质相符的生成历史。但审视现有的“体育史”教材,存在一种不容忽视的倾向,即片面强化“体育史”的体育学属性,以先入为主的体育概念挖掘和整理历史上表征凸显的身体活动或身体行为,一定程度上弱化了“体育史”的历史学属性。因而应自觉突显史学取向,并基于新史学思想和理论,从教材体例与历史脉络、历史时间与关键节点、历史空间与世界历史、新史学观与历史诘问等维度,检讨体育史编写中存在的不足或缺失。

The development of textbooks for sports history should,under the guidance of historical materialism,grasp the historical process and historical context of the generation of sport,clarify the historical motives and historical conditions of the generation of sport,and analyze the historical role and historical significance of the generation of sport,so as to produce a generative history that is in line with the nature of the discipline.However,in the existing textbooks on sports history,there is a tendency that should not be overlooked:the physical education attributes of sports history are overemphasized,and under the influence of the preconceived notion of sports the investigation and compilation of physical activities or physical behaviors have unconsciously weakened the real history of sports.In view of this,the current reflections on the discipline of"sports history"should take the textbooks of"sports history"as a starting point to be consciously oriented to historiography.Based on the historiographic ideas and the new historiographical theories,the deficiencies or shortcomings in textbooks should be reevaluated from the dimensions of textbook style and historical logic,historical time and key nodes,historical space and world history,new historiographic views and historical questioning.