威廉·施特恩的形而上学人格主义

The Metaphysical Personalism of William Stern

威廉·施特恩认为,只有当形而上学存在时,科学和价值哲学才会存在,因此,应充分地阐明价值领域的内在有效性和规范。他在发展其价值哲学时,从“先验价值理论”入手,认为主体自身与价值相关联,价值不是独立的存在。关于“自身价值”“辐射性价值”和“服务性价值”的区分,为施特恩的价值哲学提供了决定性的方向。“自身价值”概念是其价值哲学的关键,在他看来,以自我为中心是所有价值学的基本事实。在其中,价值内省起着决定性的作用,是处于价值宇宙中心的人确认其自身的中心价值和非中心价值的行为。

William Stern argued that science and value-philosophy is possible only when there is metaphysics,and that the validities and norms inherent in the value-sphere should therefore be adequately articulated.In developing his value-philosophy,he begins with the“value-theoretical apriori”,which argues that the subject is associated with values and that values have no independent existence.The distinction between“self-value”,“radiated value”and“service value”provides a decisive direction for Sten's value-philosophy.The concept of“self-value”is the key to his value philosophy.As Stern sees it,ego-centricity is the basic fact of all axiosophy.In it,“valueintrospection”plays a decisive role and it's the act in and through which the person at the valuecosmos affirms its own centro-values and the excentro-values as well.