RNA结合蛋白的组学解析与功能探索

RNA-Binding Proteome Analysis and Functional Explorations

转录后调控在生理过程中占据十分重要的地位,其分子机制包含大量的核糖核酸(RNA)与蛋白质之间的相互作用.在RNA的整个生命周期中,RNA结合蛋白(RBPs)是相当关键的参与者和执行者,影响了细胞生理过程的运行及机体稳态的维持.研究RNA结合蛋白质组,可以为发掘生物标志物、寻找疾病治疗的靶标提供重要信息.近年来,捕捉RBPs的手段推陈出新,从只能富集特定RNA的结合蛋白发展至可以实现全局性的RBPs鉴定,并对RBP的性质如空间分布、翻译后修饰所产生的影响进行了探索.聚焦于RBPs的组学解析手段以及功能蛋白质组探索,介绍现有的技术,总结技术特点并分析其所存在的问题,最后展望RBP组学研究技术改进的方向和应用前景.

Post-transcriptional regulations play a critical role in diverse biological processes,and a series of RNA-protein interactions are involved in their underlying mechanism.RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are key participants and executors in entire life cycle of RNA,affecting the operation of biological processes and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis.The RNA-binding proteome profiling therefore provides crucial information for discovering biological markers and targets of diseases.An array of RBPs capturing methods have been developed in recent years,ranging from profiling binding proteins of specific RNA to unbiased global RBPs identification,and even to exploring the functional aspects of RBPs such as spatial distribution and/or post-translational modifications.This review will focus on tool development for RBP proteomics and functional proteome characterization,and finally discusses bottlenecks and future prospects of this exciting direction of RBP proteomics.