用于卤素捕获的材料研究进展

Research Progress of Materials Used for Elemental Halogen Capture

卤素单质氟(F_(2))、氯(Cl_(2))、溴(Br_(2))和碘(I_(2)),在化学工业中发挥重要作用.但是由于F_(2)、Cl_(2)和Br_(2)的毒性、腐蚀性和挥发性使得它们的安全储存和运输形成了严峻的挑战,而将这些卤素单质进行吸附预固化可以有效提高它们使用的安全性.理想的卤素单质预固化材料须满足多种性能要求,如对卤素单质的稳定性、选择性、吸脱附可逆性和可加工性等,这给预固化材料的设计和合成带来了很大的挑战.目前为止,Cl_(2)和Br_(2)的预固化材料已经有不少报道(F_(2)暂时还未有),对这类材料进行总结和回顾,有助于为后续的材料优化和设计提供参考.然而,截至本文撰写之前,还未有人对Cl_(2)和Br_(2)预固化材料的研究做过综述报道.因此,通过本文综述了多孔有机聚合物(POPs)、金属有机框架(MOFs)、多孔有机笼(POCs)以及金属卤化物等在Cl_(2)和Br_(2)吸附预固化上的研究现状,从材料结构和性能的角度详细讨论了不同材料在卤素单质预固化上的机理和构效关系,旨在为卤素单质预固化材料的后续研究提供有益的借鉴,最终开发出有实际应用前景的卤素单质预固化材料,从而提高卤素单质实际应用的安全性,降低卤素单质泄露的风险,对环境保护和实现相关工业的可持续发展具有重要意义.

Elemental halogen,that is fluorine(F_(2)),chlorine(Cl_(2)),bromine(Br_(2))and iodine(I_(2)),plays an important role in the chemical industry.However,the toxicity,corrosiveness and volatility of elemental halogen pose serious challenges for their safe storage and transportation.Thus,the precuring of these elemental halogen can effectively improve the safety of their usage.Ideal precuring materials for elemental halogen need to meet a variety of requirements,such as stability,selectivity,recyclability,processability,etc.,which brings great challenges to the design and synthesis of desired materials.So far,some precuring materials for Cl_(2)and Br_(2)have been reported(F_(2)is not available yet).The summary and review of these materials will help to provide reference for the follow-up materials optimization and design.However,as far as we know,the related review has not been reported yet.Therefore,we give a comprehensive overview of the precuring materials for Cl_(2)and Br_(2)including porous organic polymers(POPs),metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),porous organic cages(POCs)and metal halides.The corresponding mechanism and structure-property relationship are discussed in detail.The purpose of this paper is to provide a useful insight into the follow-up materials design for the elemental halogen precuring,and finally get an ideal precuring materials with practical application prospects,so as to improve the usage safety of elemental halogen and reduce the risk of halogen leakage.It is of great significance to environmental protection and sustainable development.