汽车尾气催化剂性能优化技术研究进展

Research progress on performance optimization of automotive exhaust catalysts

综述了贵金属催化剂、稀土催化剂和钙钛矿催化剂3种常见的汽车尾气催化剂的性能优化方法,分别从载体、制备方法和掺杂金属三方面进行了探讨。面对尾气污染物排放标准的不断严格,催化剂协同净化技术有利于尾气污染物的去除,设计和制备高效催化剂是净化汽车尾气的关键因素。针对不同优化技术的优缺点,展望了未来催化剂性能优化方法的发展方向:集中各类催化剂的优点和性能优化方法开发具有高温稳定、高性能、低成本的新型催化剂,为汽车尾气催化剂优化方法的选择提供了思路。

Focusing on the performance optimization methods of three common automotive exhaust catalysts:Precious metal catalysts,rare earth catalysts,and perovskite catalysts.They are discussed from three aspects:Support,preparation methods,and doped metals.Faced with the continuous strict emission standards for exhaust pollutants,catalyst synergistic purification technology is conducive to the removal of exhaust pollutants.The design and preparation of efficient catalysts are key factors in purifying automotive exhaust.Focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of different optimization techniques and looks forward to the development direction of future catalyst performance optimization methods:To develop new catalysts with high temperature stability,high performance and low cost by focusing on the advantages of various catalysts and performance optimization methods.Provide ideas for the selection of catalyst optimization methods for automobile exhaust gas.