喷施糖醇钙和乳酸钙对‘蜜脆’苹果生理及品质的影响

Effects of Spraying Calcium Sugar Alcohol and Calcium Lactate on Physiology and Quality of'Honey Crisp'Apple

为探究糖醇钙和乳酸钙在‘蜜脆’苹果生长过程中对其生理及品质的影响。本实验以‘蜜脆’苹果为试材,在其生长期间喷施不同浓度糖醇钙和乳酸钙,以清水为对照,测定和分析不同处理对苹果生长发育指标、果实品质以及苦痘病发病率的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,喷施适量钙肥总体上促进叶片生长,提高了苹果SPAD含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs),降低了叶片胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci),显著增加了POD、SOD、CAT和Ca^(2+)-ATPase活性,提高了果实的单果质量、可溶性固形物,降低了果实可滴定酸含量,可促进果实着色,减少苦痘病的发生。因此,喷施不同浓度糖醇钙和乳酸钙,可提高‘蜜脆’苹果的单果重及果实品质,其中以乳酸钙1000倍效果最好。

In order to investigate the physiological and quality effects of sugar alcohol calcium and calcium lactate on'Honey Crisp'apple growth,this experiment utilized'Honey Crisp'apples as the test material.Different concentrations of calcium sugar alcohol and calcium lactate were sprayed during the growth period,water was used as the control,the effects of different treatments on apple growth and development index,fruit quality and the incidence of bitter pox disease were determined and analyzed.The results showed that compared with the control group,spraying appropriate amount of calcium fertilizer promoted leaf growth in general,increased SPAD content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductivity(Gs),decreased intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci),and significantly increased the activities of POD,SOD,CAT and Ca^(2+)-ATPase.The fruit quality and soluble solid were improved,the titratable acid content was decreased,the fruit coloring was promoted,and the occurrence of bitter pox was reduced.In conclusion,spraying different concentrations of calcium sorbate and calcium lactate can improve the weight and quality of'Honeycrisp'apples,and the effect of 1000 times calcium lactate is the best.