高效磷氮硅防火涂层的制备与性能研究

Preparation and Performance Study of High Efficient Phosphorus-nitrogen-silicon Fire Retardtant Coating

为提高木材防火性能,采用六氯环三磷腈(HCCP)和三(2-羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯(THEIC)合成了新型磷腈枝化物(HT),HT与异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(IPTS)制备了木材防火涂层。研究了涂层的透明性、热稳定性、硬度和防火性能。结果表明:涂层高度透明,铅笔硬度达3H,极限氧指数提高30%,垂直燃烧UL-94测试达V-0等级。锥形量热结果表明,与纯木材相比,涂层处理后的木材的最大热释放速率和总热释放量分别降低了25.5%和53.2%,同时涂层可以使生成的炭层更加致密、完整,可有效阻隔热量与可燃气体,使木材的防火性能得到提高。

In order to improve the fire resistance of wood,a novel phosphonitrile branched flame retardant(HT)was synthesized by using hexachlorocyclophosphazene(HCCP)and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate(THEIC),and a wood fire retardant coating was prepared by HT and isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane(IPTS).The transparency,thermal stability,hardness and flame retardancy of the coating were investigated.The results showed that the coating was highly transparent,the pencil hardness reached 3H,the oxygen index increased by 30%,and the vertical combustion UL-94 test reached V-0 level.The results of cone calorimetry showed that the maximum heat release rate and total heat release of the coating-treated wood were reduced by 25.5%and 53.2%,respectively,compared with pure wood.Meanwhile,the coating could make the generated char denser and more intact,and it could effectively block heat and combustible gases,so the fire resistance of the wood can be improved.