空间环境态势感知技术研究进展

A Progress of Situation Awareness Technology in Space Environments

日益增多的空间目标对近地轨道环境下的空间活动构成严重威胁。空间环境态势感知技术对于监测空间目标、评估空间事件、保障在轨安全至关重要。AI应用于空间态势感知具有独特优势,体现在对传感数据的分析、挖掘能力,对复杂多变的空间环境要素的自学习与迁移能力,以及整合先验知识和现有数据实现决策与预判能力。本文概述了AI在空间环境态势感知领域的研究进展,包括数据、感知、决策三个维度。针对空间数据的特点和空间态势感知系统面临的新挑战,提出将分布式机器学习、多智能体等AI新兴技术应用于数据共享、协同监测的新思路。

The increasing amount of space objects poses a severe threat to space activities in near-Earth orbits.Space situational awareness technology is crucial for monitoring space objects,assessing space events,and ensuring on-orbit safety.The application of AI in space situational awareness offers unique advantages,manifested in its analytical and mining capabilities for sensor data,its self-learning and transferability capabilities in the face of complex and dynamic space environmental factors,as well as its ability to integrate prior knowledge and existing data for decision-making and prediction.This article provides an overview of AI research progress in the field of space situational awareness,encompassing three dimensions:data,perception,and decision-making.To address the characteristics of space data and the new challenges faced by space situational awareness systems,new approaches involving emerging AI technologies such as distributed machine learning and multi-agent systems for data sharing and collaborative monitoring are proposed.