农村普惠金融服务点对农户信贷行为的影响

The Rural Inclusive Financial Service Points and Household Credit in Rural China

为打通金融服务“最后一公里”,各地不断推进农村普惠金融服务点建设,将金融服务触角延伸至村庄。本文基于2020—2021年中国土地经济调查数据,利用断点回归模型(RD)探究了农村普惠金融服务点对农户信贷行为的影响。通过研究发现,农村普惠金融服务点提升了农户信贷获得概率和扩大了信贷规模,并且提高了农户正规信贷占比,缓解了家庭面临的正规信贷约束。农村普惠金融服务点凭借扎根农村的制度优势,通过提高农户的金融产品信息完全程度和金融素养,提高了其信贷(尤其是正规信贷)获取率。进一步分析发现,农村普惠金融服务点降低了农户信贷违约概率,增强其信用意识;此外,农村普惠金融服务点增加了农户生活性借贷规模,但未能扩大生产性信贷的规模。可见,完善农村金融服务应是政府解决农户融资难和融资贵等问题的重要政策手段。

Various regions have been continuously improving the construction of rural inclusive financial service points to"last mile"in order to bring financial services to villages.Based on the 2020-21 China Land Economy Survey data and utilized a Regression Discontinuity(RD)model,this paper examines how farmers’credit behavior was altered by these Inclusive Financial Points based in rural areas.The study demonstrates that these service points increase farmers'chances of obtaining credit,enlarge the scope for getting a loan,and also help in enhancing their understanding of formal credit processes,thereby easing out constraints faced by households while seeking formal credits.Having origins in rural institutional advantages,these service points deepen farmers’overall knowledge about fi-nancial products and financial literacy hence the ability to secure loans especially formal credit.Further analysis reveals that points of rural inclusive financial service make farmers less liable for defaulting on credit and enhance their credit awareness.Moreover,despite the fact that these service points have increased borrowing scale of living expenses they did not much extend to productive credit.As such,enhancing rural financial services should be key policy tool that the government ought to implement as a way of resolving farmer’s prob-lems related to financing and high cost of obtaining credit.