城市绿色空间的雨洪调蓄效益研究进展

Research Progress in Stormwater Storage Benefit of Urban Green Spaces

为全面系统地了解城市绿色空间雨洪调蓄效益的研究进展与发展趋势,文章通过梳理国内外城市绿色空间雨洪调蓄效益和能力的研究,归纳其在雨水再分配过程中对雨洪调蓄效益的影响,并揭示在径流形成的不同环节中雨洪调蓄效益的影响因素。结果表明:在林冠截留过程中,雨洪调蓄效益受植物种类、叶片特征、修剪形状等多种因素影响,且不同植被的冠层蓄水能力差异很大;在绿地雨水入渗过程中,绿地构型和土壤特性是影响雨洪调蓄效益的主要因素;在地表径流形成过程中,绿色空间的景观格局与径流量显著相关,对城市绿色空间景观格局的合理构建可以实现对城市水文过程的主观调控;城市绿色空间的雨洪调蓄效益研究缺乏小微尺度分析,并且鲜有涉及各因素之间如何相互作用。最后提出研究展望,即探索和完善适合中国本土的雨洪管理模式、建立系统的科学理论和评价指标体系,是城市绿色空间雨洪调蓄效益研究的重要方向。

In order to systematically understand the research progress and development trend in stormwater storage benefit of urban green spaces,this paper reviews the relevant research on storm water storage benefit and capacity of urban green space at home and abroad,summarizes the influence of stormwater redistribution process on stormwater storage benefit,and reveals the influencing factors to stormwater storage benefit in different phases of runoff formation.The results indicate that in the process of canopy interception,stormwater storage benefit is affected by many factors such as plant species,leaf characteristics and pruning shape,and the canopy water storage capacity of various vegetation is much different;In the process of stormwater infiltration,green space configuration and soil characteristics are the main factors affecting the benefit of stormwater storage;In the process of surface runoff formation,there is a significant correlation between the landscape pattern of green space and the runoff,and the rational construction of urban green space landscape pattern can realize the subjective regulation of urban hydrological process.There is a lack of small-scale analysis on the benefit of stormwater storage for urban green spaces,and few studies have been conducted for the interactions between various factors.At the end,the research directions are discussed,and exploring and improving the stormwater management mode suitable for China and establishing a systematic and scientific theory and evaluation index system are recognized as the important directions.