“全健康”视角下城市生态疗愈公园设计

Design of Urban Ecological Healing Park from the Perspective of“One Health”

伴随城市化水平的持续提升,城市高密度人居环境在支撑社会经济发展的同时,也对身处其中的个体身心健康造成了一定影响,因此亟需开展以健康为导向的城市公园景观设计研究。基于“全健康”理念,对国内外城市生态疗愈公园的景观设计理论与实践进行解析,得出“全健康”视角下城市生态疗愈公园的作用机制与设计要义;在此基础上,以成都锦城公园为实践研究对象,综合应用场地精神感知理论、园艺疗法、注意力恢复理论以及压力减轻理论,提出康复性环境、可控性游线、健康性教育、应急性场所、智慧性平台5种应对策略,依次开展锦城公园的生态修复设计、特色游线打造、健康景观科普教育、应急避难空间的规划布局以及智慧公园配套设施规划,以期为城市公园生态疗愈功能的强化提供设计参考。

With the continuous urbanization,the high-density urban living environment has a certain impact on the physical and mental health of individuals while supporting socioeconomic development.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out health-oriented research on urban park landscape design.Based on the concept of“One health”,we analyze the theories and practices of landscape design for urban ecological healing parks at home and abroad,and conclude the mechanism and design principles of urban ecological healing parks from the perspective of“One Health”.On this basis,we select Chengdu Jincheng Park as a case to synthesize and apply the theories including site mental perception,horticultural therapy,attention restoration theory and stress reduction theory,and put forward five strategies in response,i.e.,healing environment,controllable tour route,health education,emergency evacuation space,and intelligent platform.The design of ecological restoration,the creation of specialty tour routes,the science education of health-oriented landscapes,the planning and layout of emergency evacuation space,and the planning of support facilities for smart parks are developed for Jincheng Park in order to provide references for enhancing the ecological healing function of urban parks.