环境刑法中的预防原则与累积犯

The Precautionary Principle and Cumulative Offense in Environmental Criminal Law

环境刑法中的预防原则及其相关的德国累积犯理论受到日本刑法学界的广泛关注。累积犯是指单独行为不能造成法益的侵害或危险化,只有通过与同类他人的多数单独行为的竞合才能危害法益的特殊犯罪类型。日本学界对于累积犯理论存在肯定论与否定论的不同立场,通过揭示累积犯理论的正当性根据及其在环境刑法中的适用问题,以期发挥累积犯理论工具在解释论和立法论中的作用。

The precautionary principle of environmental criminal law and the relevant German theory of cumula⁃tive offence has aroused extensive attention in Japanese criminal law field.Cumulative offense refers to a special type of crime,in which the legal interest cannot be harmed or endangered by a single act,rather,it has to be harmed by the single act competing or cooperating with most of the single acts of others of the same kind.There are both positive and negative theories regarding the cumulative offense theory in Japan.This paper reveals the justification of the cumulative offense theory and its application in environmental criminal law,so as to give play to the role of the theoretical tools of cumulative offense in interpretive theory and legislative theory.