液体活检对食管癌诊疗和预后的价值

Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of Liquid Biopsy in Esophageal Cancer

食管癌是一种全球性的恶性肿瘤,由于其进展迅速并缺乏早期发现和有效预后的生物标志物,造成了患者较高的死亡率和较差的预后情况。近些年来,在精准肿瘤诊疗的大背景下,液体活检作为一种新兴的非侵入性检测方法,在食管癌疾病进展中可以实现动态监测,逐渐在临床上引起关注。液体活检通过从体液中获取肿瘤相关的生物标志物,如循环肿瘤DNA、循环肿瘤细胞、外泌体内容物等,来评估肿瘤的存在、特征和预后等。对食管癌患者进行及时有效的预后评估有助于改善其临床结局,故该文将对液体活检在食管癌的诊疗和预后中的科学研究及临床应用现状进行详细阐述,并指出目前液体活检中存在的挑战及其未来发展方向,期望能为食管癌的早期和超早期诊断、疗效动态监测、预后评估、个体化精准治疗决策的制定提供依据。

Esophageal cancer is a malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis worldwide due to its rapid progression and lack of effective prognostic biomarkers for early detection.As a new non-invasive detection method,liquid biopsy can realize continuous monitoring during the progression of esophageal cancer,and has gradually attracted clinical attention.Liquid biopsy assesses the presence,characteristics,and prognosis of tumors by obtaining tumor-related biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA,circulating tumor cells and exosomes from body fluids.Prompt and effective prognostic assessment of patients with esophageal cancer is beneficial in improving their clinical outcomes.Therefore,this paper will elaborate on the recent researches and clinical application of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal cancer,and point out the current challenges and future development,hoping to provide a basis for early diagnosis,continuous monitoring of therapeutic efficacy,prognosis evaluation,and development of individualized precision treatment decisions of esophageal cancer.