肿瘤疫苗的研究进展

The Advances of Cancer Vaccines

作为一种前景光明的肿瘤治疗方式,肿瘤疫苗能帮助机体产生针对肿瘤抗原的特异性免疫应答和长期的免疫记忆来治疗肿瘤,是癌症免疫治疗领域重要的研究方向。目前,肿瘤疫苗按制剂方式主要可以分为四类,即细胞疫苗、病毒疫苗、多肽类疫苗和核酸类疫苗。这些疫苗能通过增强机体内抗肿瘤免疫反应而发挥清除肿瘤细胞、抑制肿瘤生长的功能。该综述将对肿瘤疫苗的作用机制、基础研究与临床试验的最新进展进行讨论,以期为深入理解肿瘤疫苗、开发新型肿瘤疫苗提供有益的参考。

As a promising means of antitumor treatment,cancer vaccines elicit effective immune response and the long-term immune memory against tumor,and lead an important research direction in the field of cancer immunotherapy.Cancer vaccines can be categorized into four kinds by different formulations:cell-based vaccines,virus-based vaccines,peptide-based vaccines and nucleic acid-based vaccines.These vaccines can inhibit tumor growth by enhancing the antitumor immune response.This review discusses the mechanism of action and recent advances in basic research and clinical trials of cancer vaccines,aiming to inspire the in-depth understanding of cancer vaccines and promote the development of next-generation cancer vaccines.