基于兴趣点大数据的兰州新区城市多中心空间结构演变

Evolution of urban multi-center spatial structure in Lanzhou New Area based on point of interest big data

基于2012-2020年兰州新区兴趣点数据,利用核密度分析和探索性空间数据分析等方法,根据多年整体及不同类型兴趣点数据的空间分布特征和聚集程度,分析城市多中心空间结构的演变过程和特征.结果表明,兰州新区呈现出明显的“多中心、组团式”的空间结构,公共服务、生活服务和商务类中心发展较快,休闲和居住类中心发展较慢;兰州新区“多中心、组团式”空间结构的形成表现出依托起步核心,通过路网等基础设施构建,串联起“高-低”和“高-高”聚集增长核同步发展的特征;兰州新区城市多中心空间结构演变的驱动力主要包括约束力、引导力、推动力、支撑力,多因素共同作用于城市,在助力城市发展的同时,造成不同中心发展的时空差异.

Based on the point of interest data of the Lanzhou New Area from 2012 to 2020 and via methods such as kernel density analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis,we analyzed the evolution process and characteristics of the urban multi-center spatial structure with regard to the spatial distribution characteristics and aggregation degree of the overall and different types of point of interest data for many years.The results showed that the Lanzhou New Area presented an obvious"multi-center and cluster"spatial structure,with a rapid development of public service,life service and business centers,but a slow development in leisure and residential centers;the formation of a"multi-center and cluster"spatial structure in there was characterized by a reliance on the starting core and building infrastructures such as road networks connecting"high-low"and"high-high"aggregation growth cores that had been developed simultaneously;the driving forces for the evolution of the urban polycentric spatial structure mainly included a binding force,guiding force,driving force and supporting force.Multiple factors acted together on the city,contributing to its continuous development but,at the same time,causing spatiotemporal differences in the development of different centers.