湖南省适龄农村妇女对宫颈癌筛查项目的认知状况及影响因素分析

Cognition status of cervical cancer screening program and its influencing factors among rural women of the right age in Hunan Province

目的基于湖南省某一农村地区参加免费宫颈癌筛查妇女的问卷调查,评估该省农村妇女对宫颈癌筛查项目的认知状况及影响因素。方法2022年6月15日—7月1日针对湖南省湘潭市韶山市参加2022年政府免费宫颈癌筛查的1072名妇女进行问卷调查,通过调查问卷收集研究对象基本情况、孕育史情况、宫颈癌筛查项目认知情况等,采用χ2检验、logistic回归分析进行统计分析。结果1072名研究对象中认知程度高组(≥5分)368人、占34.33%,认知程度中组(=4分)419人、占39.09%,认知程度低组(≤3分)285人、占26.58%。认知程度低的农村妇女认为医院宫颈癌检查的结果更精确,依从性差,且对宫颈癌高危因素认知不全。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,教育程度低、收入水平低、白带异常、未避孕是影响农村妇女宫颈癌筛查认知低的危险因素。有性生活是宫颈癌筛查项目中等认知的危险因素(OR=3.18,95%CI:1.59~6.37)。结论妇幼机构应以宫颈癌筛查项目为依托,深入加强宫颈癌防治知识的宣传教育,提高宫颈癌疾病诊治能力,为妇女提供宫颈癌预防-筛查-诊治一站式服务。

Objective To evaluate the cognition status of cervical cancer screening program and its influencing factors among rural women in Hunan Province based on a questionnaire survey among women participating in the free cervical cancer screening program in a rural area in the province.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,072 women participating in the government’s free cervical cancer screening in Shaoshan City,Xiangtan City,Hunan Province from June 15,2022 to July 1,2022.The surveyed women’s general information,history of pregnancy and cognition status of cervical cancer screening program were collected through the questionnaires.χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results Among 1,072 subjects surveyed,there were 368(34.33%)subjects in the high-level cognition group(≥5 points),419(39.09%)in the middle-level cognition group(=4 points)and 285(26.58%)in the low-level cognition group(≤3 points).Rural women with low-level cognition thought that the results of cervical cancer screening at hospitals were more accurate,and they had poor compliance and insufficient cognition on high-risk factors for cervical cancer.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed that the risk factors affecting rural women’s low-level cognition on cervical cancer screening were low-level education background,low-level income,abnormal leucorrhea and using no contraception.Having a sexual life was a risk factor for middle-level cognition on cervical cancer screening(OR=3.18,95%CI:1.59-6.37).Conclusion Maternal and child institutions should strengthen publicity and education about cervical cancer prevention and treatment knowledge based on cervical cancer screening program,and improve the ability of cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment so as to provide one-step services of cervical cancer prevention,screening and diagnosis for women.