交旅融合道路类标准的量化分析与评估

Quantitative Analysis and Evaluation on Road Standards for Transportation and Tourism Integration

为建立科学的标准体系,有效推动交旅融合可持续发展,首先通过标准发布平台,收集由不同层级和主体发布的交旅融合道路类标准104篇;然后运用政策文献计量、内容分析法及PMC指数模型,从制度体系、标准内容、组织管理3个维度对我国交旅融合道路类标准进行量化分析和评估。结果表明:从制度体系看,交旅融合道路类标准出台时间早,数量多,涉及面广,发文主体层级多,但由于中央与地方对接不匹配及配套性不足问题,尚未形成系统化的制度体系;从标准内容看,内容制订较为合理,具有较强的指导性、建议性和描述性,但主要集中在游憩服务设施等建设性内容方面,在资金、组织、人员保障等方面研究欠缺,且预测性较弱,全面性尚不足;在组织管理方面,文旅部门统领全局,发挥主导作用,地方旅游、交通相关部门广泛参与,但交通运输部门在全局引导方面的作用还有待加强,跨部门合作不足,联合协作机制尚未健全,不利于交旅融合发展的全面推进。最后,针对已有标准的不足提出建议:在未来交旅融合道路类标准编制和颁布过程中,应该重视系统化制度体系建设,从“建管养运”一体化视角,完善标准内容以使其更具综合性、预测性、指导性和可操作性;建立多部门、多主体参与的联合协作组织管理模式,强力推动我国交旅融合制度化、体系化的全面高效发展。

In order to establish a scientific standard system and promote the transportation and tourism integration for sustainable development,through standards publishing platforms,a total of 104 road-related standards published with different levels and subjects are collected at first.Then policy bibliometrics,content analysis and PMC index model are used to recognize and assess the basic profile of the standards in 3 dimensions of institutional system,standard content and organizational management.The result shows that(1)From the institutional system,the standard of transportation and tourism integration is issued early,in large quantities,covering a wide range of areas and with many levels of the main body of the publication,however,due to the mismatch between the central and local coordination and the insufficient complementarity,the organized institutional system has not been formed yet.(2)From the standard content,the standard has reasonable content with strong guidance,recommendation and description,however,only focusing on constructive elements such as recreational facilities,there is a lack of standardized content about funding,organization and personnel security.The predictability and the comprehensiveness are weak.(3)In terms of organization and management,the department of culture and tourism leads the overall situation and plays a leading role.At the local level,tourism,transportation and other relevant departments are widely involved,however,the guiding function in the transport sector still has to be reinforced,cross-sectoral cooperation is not in place,and the joint cooperation mechanism is not perfect,which are not conducive to the comprehensive promotion of transportation and tourism integration.Finally,in view of the shortcomings of existing standards,the suggestions are put forward(1)in the process of formulating and promulgating standards in the future,it should pay attention to the well-established institutional system;(2)from the perspective of'integration of construction,management,maintenance and transportation’,improving the content of standard more comprehensive,predictive,guiding and operable;(3)it is necessary to develop a cooperative,multisectoral,multiagency organizational management mode.Ultimately,these all will strongly promote the all-round and efficient development of the institutionalization and systematization of transportation and tourism integration.