胶原在心肌梗死后心脏重构中的研究进展

Research progress of collagen in cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction

心肌胶原是构成心肌细胞外基质的主要成分,维持心脏结构和心肌细胞功能的完整性,并在心肌梗死后心脏功能的变化和心脏重构中起着重要作用。心肌梗死是常见的心血管疾病,因此探讨胶原蛋白成分在心肌梗死后承担的功能十分必要。心肌胶原受转化生长因子-β1/Smads信号通路、神经内分泌以及多种调控分子影响,不同类型胶原在心脏中承担着不同的作用以维持心脏正常功能,在心肌梗死后大部分心肌胶原表达升高,也有部分胶原,比如Ⅴ型胶原因消耗比例下降,进而导致瘢痕面积增大,因此,适合的胶原比例是维持心脏正常功能的前提。笔者就心肌胶原的功能、心肌梗死后心肌胶原的变化、调控心肌胶原变化的机制以及对心肌胶原可产生影响的药物研究进行综述。

Myocardial collagen is the primary component of the extracellular matrix in the cardiomyocardium.It is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the heart structure and cardiomyocyte function and plays an important role in the change of cardiac function and cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.Myocardial infarction is a common cardiovascular disease,so it is essential to explore the function of collagen components after myocardial infarction.Myocardial collagen is affected by transforming growth factor-β1/Smads signaling pathway,neuroendocrine and a variety of regulatory molecules.Different types of collagen in the heart serve distinct functions to maintain the normal function of the heart.After myocardial infarction,most of the myocardial collagen exhibits increased expression.However,some collagen,specifically type V collagen,can contribute to an increase in scar area due to its decreasing consumption proportion.Therefore,maintaining an appropriate ratio of collagen is the precondition of maintaining normal heart function.The author reviews the functions of myocardial collagen,the alterations in myocardial collagen after myocardial infarction,the mechanisms of regulating changes in myocardial collagen,and the pharmaceutical interventions that can affect myocardial collagen.