2种生物杀菌剂及其助剂对葡萄灰霉病菌室内抑制效果评价

Inhibition Effect Evaluation of Two Biological Fungicides and Auxiliaries on Botrytis cinerea

[目的]为达到降低农药抗性及减少农药用量的目的,筛选防治葡萄灰霉病的有效生物杀菌剂及增效的农药助剂。[方法]研究采用菌丝生长速率法测定不同浓度的多抗霉素和小檗碱单剂使用及分别与加倍强、有机硅2种助剂复配对葡萄灰霉病病菌的室内毒力。[结果]生物杀菌剂多抗霉素抑菌效果较好,在有效浓度是8 mg/L时抑菌率最高,达(86.67±1.11)%;小檗碱的抑菌效果相对较差,最高抑菌率仅(35.93±1.28)%。结果还表明:2种助剂均能起到较好的增效作用,其中加倍强的增效作用更明显;有效浓度为4 mg/L的多抗霉素复配助剂加倍强5000倍液时,抑菌率可达到100%;小檗碱复配加倍强5000倍液后,抑菌率均在85%以上,比单剂抑菌增效60%以上,其中有效浓度为0.8 mg/L的小檗碱复配加倍强5000倍液抑菌效果最佳,达(97.04±2.57)%。[结论]生产中可直接选择10%多抗霉素1000倍液防治葡萄灰霉病;也可选用添加农药助剂加倍强的小檗碱250倍液防控葡萄灰霉病。

[Objective]In order to reduce the resistance of pathogens to fungicides as well as fungicides dosage,effective biological fungicides and synergistic pesticide auxiliaries were screened to control Botrytis cinerea.[Methods]In this study,the mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the indoor virulence of different concentrations of polyantimycin and berberine as single agent and their combination with Jiabeiqiang and organosilicon against Botrytis cinerea.[Results]The bacteriostatic effect of polyantimycin was better,and the highest bacteriostatic rate was(86.67±1.11)%when the effective concentration was 8 mg/L,while the bacteriostatic effect of berberine was relatively poor,and the highest bacteriostatic rate was only(35.93+1.28)%.The results also indicated that the two auxiliaries could play a good synergistic effect,and the synergistic effect of Jiabeiqiang was more obvious.When 4 mg/L effective concentration of polyantimycin and 5000 times of Jiabeiqiang was compounded,the bacteriostatic rate reach 100%.After the combination of berberine with 5000 times of Jiabeiqiang,the bacteriostatic rate was above 85%,which was more than 60%higher than that of single agent.Among them,the compound solution of berberine with effective concentration of 0.8 mg/L and Jiabeiqiang of 5000 times had the best bacteriostatic effect,up to(97.04±2.57)%.[Conclusion]In production,1000 times of 10%polyamycin was suggested to control gray mold of grape,and the 250 times of berberine compound Jiabeiqiang can also be used to control Botrytis cinerea.