生态系统视角下推进老年人社区居家养老研究——以L社区为例

Research on promoting the elderly's home-based care in community from the perspective of ecosystem-a case study of L community

目前养老的方式包括机构养老、家庭养老、社区居家养老。受中国传统儒家孝道文化的影响,老年人选择机构养老意愿较低。老年人大都选择家庭养老,但老年人独自留在家里,也存在安全隐患。社区居家养老方式近年来逐步兴起,既不离开熟悉的社区环境,还能享受亲情的慰藉,是比较适合老年人的养老方式。本文以L社区为例研究老年人的社区居家养老如何推进,通过发放问卷和进行深入访谈,了解社区老年人真实的养老需求;并引用专业的社工理论——生态系统理论进行分析,从微观个体和家庭、中观社区、宏观国家和社会等三个层面,探究如何更好推进老年人社区居家养老,继而提出建议。

At present,the methods of old-age support include institutional old-age support,family old-age support and community old-age support.Affected by the traditional Chinese Confucian culture of filial piety,the old people have a low willingness to choose institutions for the aged.Most of the elderly choose to support the elderly at home,but the elderly stay at home alone,there are also security risks.Community home care has gradually emerged in recent years,not only do not leave the familiar community environment,but also enjoy the comfort of family,is a more suitable way for the elderly.This paper takes L community as an example to study how to promote the elderly's home-based care.L community was chosen as the research object,and through issuing questionnaires and conducting in-depth interviews,the real needs of the elderly in the community were understood;The paper also analyzes the social work theory and the ecosystem theory,and explores how to promote the elderly's home-based care in the community,and then puts forward suggestions for the elderly's care in the community from the three levels of micro-individual and family,middle-level community,macro-level country and society.